Генри форд эссе на английском. Топик Henry Ford

Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 - April 7, 1947) was the founder of the Ford Motor Company and is credited with contributing to the creation of a middle class in American society. He was one of the first to apply assembly line manufacturing to the mass production of affordable automobiles.

Ford was born on a prosperous farm in Springwells Township (now in the city of Dearborn, Michigan) owned by his parents, William and Mary Ford, immigrants from County Cork, Ireland. He was the eldest of six children. As a child, Henry was passionate about mechanics, preferring to tinker in his father"s shop over doing farm chores. At 13, he saw a self-propelled vehicle, a steam powered thresher, for the first time.

In 1879, he left home for the nearby city of Detroit to work as an apprentice machinist, first with James F. Flower & Bros., and later with the Detroit Dry Dock Co. In 1882, he returned to Dearborn to work on the family farm and became adept at operating the Westinghouse portable steam engine. This led to his being hired by Westinghouse company to service their steam engines. Upon his marriage to Clara Bryant in 1888 Ford supported himself by farming and running a sawmill.

In 1891, Ford became an engineer with the Edison Illuminating Company, and after his promotion to Chief Engineer in 1893, he had enough time and money to devote attention to his personal experiments on internal combustion engines. These experiments culminated in 1896 with the completion of his own self-propelled vehicle named the Quadricycle, which he test-drove on June 4 of that year.

After this initial success, Ford left Edison Illuminating and, with other investors, formed the Detroit Automobile Company. The Detroit Automobile Company went bankrupt soon afterward because Ford continued to improve the design, instead of selling cars. Ford raced his vehicles against those of other manufacturers to show the superiority of his designs. With his interest in race cars, he formed a second company, the Henry Ford Company. During this period, he personally drove his Quadricycle to victory in a race against Alexander Winton, a well-known driver and the heavy favorite on October 10, 1901. Ford was forced out of the company by the investors, including Henry M. Leland in 1902, and the company was reorganized as Cadillac.

Ford Motor Company.

Henry Ford, with eleven other investors and $28,000 in capital, incorporated the Ford Motor Company in 1903. In a newly-designed car, Ford drove an exhibition in which the car covered the distance of a mile on the ice of Lake St. Clair in 39.4 seconds, which was a new land speed record. Convinced by this success, the famous race driver Barney Oldfield, who named this new Ford model "999" in honor of a racing locomotive of the day, took the car around the country and thereby made the Ford brand known throughout the U.S. Henry Ford was also one of the early backers of the Indianapolis 500.

In 1908, the Ford company released the Model T. From 1909 to 1913, Ford entered stripped-down Model Ts in races, finishing first (although later disqualified) in an "ocean-to-ocean" (across the USA) race in 1909, and setting a one-mile oval speed record at Detroit Fairgrounds in 1911 with driver Frank Kulick. In 1913, Ford attempted to enter a reworked Model T in the Indianapolis 500, but was told rules required the addition of another 1,000 pounds (450 kg) to the car before it could qualify. Ford dropped out of the race, and soon thereafter dropped out of racing permanently, citing dissatisfaction with the sport"s rules and the demands on his time by the now-booming production of the Model Ts.

Racing was, by 1913, no longer necessary from a publicity standpoint because the Model T was already famous and ubiquitous on American roads. It was in this year that Henry Ford introduced the moving assembly belts into his plants, which enabled an enormous increase in production. Although Ford is often credited with the idea, contemporary sources indicate that the concept and its development came from employees Clarence Avery, P.E".Ed" Martin, Charles E. Sorensen, and C.H. Wills.

By 1918, half of all cars in America were Model Ts. The design, fervently promoted and defended by Henry Ford, would continue through 1927 (well after its popularity had faded), with a final total production of fifteen million vehicles. This was a record which would stand for the next 45 years. Ford said, "Any customer can have a car painted any colour that he wants so long as it is black".

On January 1, 1919, after unsuccessfully seeking a seat in the United States Senate, Henry Ford turned the presidency of Ford Motor Company over to his son Edsel, although still maintaining a firm hand in its management - few company decisions under Edsel"s presidency were made without approval by Henry, and those few that were, Henry often reversed. Also at this time, Henry and Edsel purchased all remaining stock from other investors, thus becoming sole owners of the company. The company remained privately held by the family until 1956, when the family allowed a public offering of a portion of the company without ceding control.

By the mid 1920"s, sales of the Model T began to decline due to rising competition. Other auto makers offered payment plans through which consumers could buy their cars, which usually included more modern mechanical features and styling not available with the Model T. Despite urgings from Edsel, Henry steadfastly refused to incorporate new features into the Model T or to form a customer credit plan.

The Model T"s key to success was the fact that it had been made in the assembly line, which allowed for many different cars to be made consecutively, identically and much faster than other hand made vehicles. The cars sales triggered the modern era of vehicles. For the first time everyone could own a car, the downside was that every Model T produced after 1913, (the year the assembly line was created) was painted black because the paint dried a lot faster than any other color. The Model T was a very simple car, as simple as it could be made. One screw held 10 or 20 parts. But that"s what made it unique. Henry Ford"s assembly line was so unique that it turned the Ford Motor Company into a Giant, (and became a tool for every other industry that creates merchandise in the assembly line, of course the assembly line does not use people anymore, but uses robots) while the other car companies were still stuck with the technologies of the earlier days. By 1928 there were about 30 million cars world wide. Half of these were Ford Model Ts.

The Model A and later.

By 1926, flagging sales of the Model T convinced Henry of what Edsel had been suggesting for some time: a new model was necessary. The elder Ford pursued the project with a great deal of technical expertise in design of the engine, chassis, and other mechanical necessities, while leaving it to his son to develop the body design. Edsel also managed to prevail over his father"s initial objections in the inclusion of a sliding-shift transmission. The result was the highly successful Ford Model A, introduced December, 1927 and produced through 1931, with a total output of over four million automobiles. Subsequently, the company adopted an annual model change system similar to that in use by automakers today.

During the thirties, Ford also overcame his objection to finance companies, and the Ford-owned Universal Credit Company became a major car financing operation.

Henry Ford long had an interest in plastics developed from agricultural products, especially soybeans. Soybean-based plastics were used in Ford automobiles throughout the 1930s in plastic parts such as car horns, in paint, etc. This project culminated in 1942, when on January 13 Ford patented an automobile made almost entirely of plastic, attached to a tubular welded frame. It weighed 30% less than a standard car of the same size, and was said to be able to withstand blows ten times greater than could steel. Furthermore, it ran on grain alcohol (ethanol) instead of gasoline. The design never caught on.

On May 26, 1943, Edsel Ford died, leaving a vacancy in the company presidency. Henry Ford advocated Harry Bennett to take the spot. Edsel"s widow Eleanor, who had inherited Edsel"s voting stock, wanted her son Henry Ford II to take over the position. The issue was settled for a period when Henry himself, at the age of 79, took over the presidency personally. Henry Ford II was released from the navy and became an executive vice president, while Harry Bennett had a seat on the board and was responsible for personnel, labor relations, and public relations.

The company saw hard times during the next two years, losing $10 million a month. President Franklin D. Roosevelt considered a federal bailout for Ford Motor Company so that wartime production could continue. By 1945 Henry Ford"s senility was quite evident, and his wife and daughter-in-law forced his resignation in favor of his grandson, Henry Ford II.

Ford"s labor philosophy.

Henry Ford had very specific thoughts on relations with his employees. On January 5, 1914 Ford announced his five-dollar a day program. The program called for a reduction in length of the workday from 9 to 8 hours and a raise in minimum daily pay from $2.34 to $5 for qualifying workers. Ford labeled the increased compensation as profit sharing rather than wages. The wage was offered to men over the age of 22, who had worked at the company for 6 months or more, and, importantly, conducted their lives in a manner of which Ford approved. The company established a Sociological Department complete with 150 investigators and support staff in order to verify this last point. Even with these requirements a large percentage of workers were able to qualify for the profit sharing.

In 1926, Ford instituted the five-day, forty-hour work-week, effectively inventing the modern weekend. In granting workers an extra day off, Ford ensured leisure time for the working class. The "short week" as Ford called it in a contemporary interview, was required so that the country could "absorb its production and stay prosperous".

Conversely, Ford was adamantly against labor unions in his plants. To forestall union activity, he promoted Harry Bennett, a former Navy boxer, to be the head of the Service Department. Bennett employed various intimidation tactics to squash union organizing. The most famous incident, in 1937, was a bloody brawl between company security men and organizers that became known as The Battle of the Overpass.

Ford was the last Detroit automaker to recognize the United Auto Workers union (UAW). A sit-down strike by the UAW union on April 2, 1941 closed the River Rouge Plant. Under pressure from Edsel and his wife, Clara, Henry Ford finally agreed to collective bargaining at Ford plants, and the first contract with the UAW was signed in June 1941.

Ford suffered an initial stroke in 1938, after which he turned over the running of his company to Edsel. Edsel"s 1943 death brought Henry Ford out of retirement. In ill health, he ceded the presidency to his grandson Henry Ford II on September 21, 1945, and went into retirement. He died in 1947 of a cerebral hemorrhage at the age of 83 in Fair Lane, his Dearborn estate, and is buried in the Ford Cemetery in Detroit.

Henry Ford Essay, Research Paper

A Biography of Henry Ford

Henry Ford was an American industrialist, best known for his pioneering

achievements in the automobile industry. From humble beginnings he was able to

create a company that would rank as one of the giants of American and World

industry long after his death. There is no doubt that Henry Ford was a successful

business man. The Ford Motor Company, Henry Ford’s legacy, has left its mark

on every continent in the world. However, Ford didn’t gain his success solely on

his innovation in the automobile industry. He was a friend to the middle class

public as well as the workers in his factories. For this he was rewarded with

financial success by the same people he looked out for. Moreover, he repeatedly

gave back to society through donations, philanthropic foundations, and the

creation of organizations that would help to educate and benefit the people.

Henry Ford was a man who gained world-wide business success through his

innovative ideas, brilliant management skills, and down-to-earth tactics.

Henry Ford was born on a farm near Dearborn, Michigan, on July 30,

1863, and educated in district schools. He became a machinist’s apprentice in

Detroit at the age of 16. From 1888 to 1899 he was a mechanical engineer, and

later chief engineer, with the Edison Illuminating Company. In 1893, after

experimenting for several years in his leisure hours, he completed the construction

of his first gasoline engine. His first automobile was completed in 1896. The

body was a small crude wooden box, it had a single seat, a steering tiller, bicycle

wheels, and an electric bell on the front. In 1903 he founded the Ford Motor

At first, like his competitors, he made cars that only the wealthy could

afford. But later he came to believe that every man, no matter what his income,

should own a car. This resulted in the inexpensive “Model T” in 1908. It brought

great financial success to his company. The Model T was in production until 1927

when it was discontinued in favor of a more up-to-date model. While in

production the company sold over 15 million cars. In 1913 Ford began using

standardized interchangeable parts and assembly-line techniques in his plant.

Although Ford neither originated nor was the first to employ such practices, he was

chiefly responsible for their general adoption and for the consequent great

expansion of American industry and the raising of the American standard of living.

By early 1914 this innovation, although greatly increasing productivity, had

resulted in a monthly labor turnover of 40 to 60 percent in his factory, largely

because of the unpleasant monotony of assembly-line work and repeated increases

in the production quotas assigned to workers. Ford met this difficulty by doubling

the daily wage then standard in the industry, raising it from about $2.50 to $5.

The net result was increased stability in his labor force and a substantial reduction

in operating costs. These factors, coupled with the enormous increase in output

made possible by new technological methods, led to an increase in company profits

from $30 million in 1914 to $60 million in 1916.

Ford believed that most of the profits should be used to increase the size of

the company’s factories. This was an unusual practice at the time. The other

stockholders wanted to split the profits among themselves in the form of dividends.

Ford didn’t like opposition in his company so he bought out all the other

stockholders in 1919. Within the ensuing few years, however, Ford’s preeminence

as the largest producer and seller of automobiles in the nation was gradually lost to

his competitors, largely because he was slow to adopt the practice of introducing a

new model of automobile each year, which had become standard in the industry.

During the 1930s Ford adopted the policy of the yearly changeover, but his

company was unable to regain the position it had formerly held.

In the period from 1937 to 1941, the Ford company became the only

major manufacturer of automobiles in the Detroit area that had not recognized any

labor union as the collective bargaining representative of employees. At hearings

before the National Labor Relations Board, Henry Ford was found guilty of

repeated violations of the National Labor Relations Act. The findings against him

were upheld on appeal to the federal courts. Ford was constrained to negotiate a

standard labor contract after a successful strike by the workers at his main plant at

River Rouge, Michigan, in April 1941.

Early in 1941 Ford was granted government contracts whereby he was, at

first, to manufacture parts for bombers and, later, the entire airplane. He

thereupon launched the construction of a huge plant at Willow Run, Michigan,

where production was begun in May 1942. It was said the plant could produce a

bomber an hour. Despite certain technical difficulties, by the end of World War II

(1945) this plant had manufactured more than 8000 B-24 Liberator Bombers and

other military planes.

Ford was active in several other fields besides those of automobile and

airplane manufacturing. He was nominated for the office of U.S. senator from

Michigan in 1918 but was defeated in the election. In the following year he

erected the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit at a cost of $7.5 million. He

established the Greenfield Village which is a group of American Historical buildings

and landmarks and he created the Henry Ford Museum in Dearborn which exhibits

man’s progress in many fields. Also, he donated large amounts of money to the

philanthropic Ford Foundation which is currently one of the world’s largest. In

1919 he became the publisher of the Dearborn Independent, a weekly journal,

which at first published anti-Semitic material. After considerable public protest,

Ford directed that publication of such articles be discontinued and that a public

apology be made to the Jewish people.

Advancing age obliged Ford to retire from the active direction of his gigantic

enterprises in 1945. He died on April 7, 1947, in Dearborn, Michigan. Ford left a

personal fortune estimated at $500 to $700 million, bequeathing the largest share

of his holdings in the Ford Motor Company to the Ford Foundation. Ford

revolutionized American and consequently World industry with his pioneering use

of the assembly line production method. He turned a small local car company into

one of the world’s largest industrial companies. Henry Ford was a great

businessman and a great human being. He proved that success cannot simply be

attained with a good product. He accomplished what many aspire to, but few

actually achieve. He was able to combine his technological know-how, and

innovative ideas with brilliant managerial practices and respect for his workers and

customers. Adding in his philanthropic tendencies, it is obvious that Henry Ford is

a perfect model of how to be successful in business and in life.

Генри Форд - великий изобретатель и предприниматель, чей пример и сегодня вдохновляет нас и учит умению следовать своей цели. Мы хотим предложить вам немного вдохновения - 8 цитат Генри Форда на английском языке, которые будут мотивировать вас к учебе. Надеемся, вы возьмете пример с этого целеустремленного человека.

Многие люди боятся даже начинать учить язык, ведь их преследует страх неудачи. Им кажется, что ничего не получится, ведь в школе и университете почти все мы учили английский, но лишь немногие преуспели в этом деле. Негативный опыт из прошлого мешает нам смело сделать шаг и открыть для себя новое будущее: мы уверены, что ничего путного не получится. У Генри Форда есть замечательная мысль на эту тему.

If you think you can do a thing or think you can"t do a thing, you"re right.

Если ты уверен, что сможешь, - ты прав; если ты думаешь, что не сможешь, - тоже прав.

Все в ваших руках, в том числе и знания английского. Все-таки решились сделать шаг вперед? Тогда мы рады будем помочь вам с помощью нашего пошагового руководства « ».

Человечество веками пыталось отыскать заветный ключик к успеху в любом деле, и нам кажется, что Форду удалось его найти.

You can do anything if you have enthusiasm. Enthusiasm is the spark in your eye, the swing in your gait, the grip of your hand, the irresistible surge of your will and your energy to execute your ideas. Enthusiasts are fighters. Enthusiasm is at the bottom of all progress. With it there is accomplishment. Without it, there are only alibis.

При наличии энтузиазма вы можете достичь всего. Энтузиазм - это блеск ваших глаз, стремительность походки, крепость рукопожатия, непреодолимый прилив энергии и воли для претворения в жизнь ваших идей. Энтузиасты - это борцы. Энтузиазм - краеугольный камень всего прогресса! Только с ним возможен успех. Без него у вас есть только возможности.

Мы согласны с великим изобретателем на 100%: энтузиазм и вдохновение - это движущие силы вашего прогресса. Учеба редко бывает легкой и быстрой, иногда у нас опускаются руки и кажется, что ничего не получится. В такие моменты важно получить порцию мотивации от людей, которым уже удалось достичь успеха на выбранном вами поприще. Такой порцией вдохновения мы поделились с нашими читателями в статье « ». Почитайте статью и заразитесь энтузиазмом!

В каждой нашей статье мы не устаем напоминать своим читателям: совершать ошибки - это нормально. Перфекционизм - похвальная черта, но она будет только мешать изучению языка. Дело в том, что на любом уровне знаний вы будете находить для себя что-то новенькое, с удивлением обнаруживать исключения из правил и т. д. Но даже если вы совершаете серьезные ошибки и вам кажется, что английский - это не ваше, помните, вам это только кажется:-) Пусть вас вдохновит цитата Форда о неудачах:

Failure is simply the opportunity to begin again, this time more intelligently.

Неудача - это просто возможность начать снова, но уже более мудро.

Думаем, наш посыл понятен: не получилось осилить Present Perfect с первого раза, попробуйте повторить тему еще раз, поищите более понятный для себя учебник, например, нашу « ». Не получилось и так? Тогда ищите «своего» учителя, который будет пояснять все понятным вам языком и станет вашим «навигатором» в мире английского. Может быть, среди найдется и ваш идеальный учитель? Обязательно проверьте:-) И помните: путь к успеху часто тернист и нелегок. Вот что на эту тему сказал Генри Форд:

When everything seems to be going against you, remember that the airplane takes off against the wind, not with it.

Когда кажется, что весь мир настроен против тебя, - помни, что самолет взлетает против ветра.

А вы знали, что менее 17% людей в нашей стране владеют английским на среднем уровне? И это в век Интернета, когда нам доступны сотни тысяч бесплатных обучающих материалов, изучение языка по Скайпу, кино и литература в оригинале и т. д. Удивительно, не правда ли? Это легко объяснить, если хорошенько вдуматься в следующую цитату Форда:

Most people spend more time and energy going around problems than in trying to solve them.

Большинство людей тратит больше времени и энергии на уход от проблем, а не на их решение.

Как же преодолеть все трудности и продолжить учить язык? Советуем вам... есть слона по кусочкам, то есть разделить глобальную цель (выучить английский) на мелкие задачи: перестать путать Past Simple и Present Perfect, разобраться в условных предложениях, достичь уровня Intermediate, прочитать «Гарри Поттера» на английском и т. д. Хотим заметить, что сам Генри Форд одобряет такой подход.

Nothing is particularly hard if you divide it into small jobs.

Нет ничего особенно трудного, если вы разделите это на мелкие работы.

Теперь вы понимаете, как «объять необъятное»: нужно просто разделить его на небольшие этапы и двигаться к цели. И даже если не все получается легко и гладко, не переживайте: опыт - штука незаменимая. Генри Форд абсолютно согласен с нами в этом вопросе:

Greatest thing in life is experience. Even mistakes have value.

Величайшая вещь в жизни - опыт. Даже ошибки имеют ценность.

А подвести итог этой мотивирующей статье мы хотели бы с помощью воодушевляющей цитаты, которую подарил нам великий предприниматель. Он прошел через много испытаний, трудностей, неудач, поэтому знает, о чем говорит.

One of the greatest discoveries a man makes, one of his great surprises, is to find he can do what he was afraid he couldn"t do.

Одно из самых великих открытий, которые делает человек, один из самых больших сюрпризов для него - обнаружить, что он в состоянии совершить то, о чем со страхом думал, как о превосходящем его силы.

Желаем вам испытать подобное окрыляющее чувство, когда вы понимаете, что можете сделать то, о чем раньше не осмеливались даже мечтать. Успехов в изучении английского!

Русско-английский перевод ФОРД, ГЕНРИ

Еще значения слова и перевод ФОРД, ГЕНРИ с английского на русский язык в англо-русских словарях.
Что такое и перевод ФОРД, ГЕНРИ с русского на английский язык в русско-английских словарях.

More meanings of this word and English-Russian, Russian-English translations for ФОРД, ГЕНРИ in dictionaries.

• ГЕНРИ — m. henry
  Russian-English Dictionary of the Mathematical Sciences
• ФОРД — Ford
  
• ГЕНРИ — Henry
  Русско-Американский Английский словарь
• ГЕНРИ — henry
  Англо-Русско-Английский словарь общей лексики - Сборник из лучших словарей
• ГЕНРИ — Henry, henry h, Henry, henry
  Русско-Английский словарь общей тематики
• ГЕНРИ — м. нескл. эл. henry
  Русско-Английский словарь
• ГЕНРИ — м. нескл. эл. henry
  Russian-English Smirnitsky abbreviations dictionary
• ФОРД — (Ford, Ford Madox) (1873-1939), наст. имя - Форд Мэдокс Хюффер (Hueffer), английский писатель. Родился 17 декабря 1873 в Мертоне (графство …
  Русский словарь Colier
• ГЕНРИ — (Henry, Joseph) (1797-1878), американский физик-экспериментатор. Родился 17 декабря 1797 в Олбани (шт. Нью-Йорк). Учился в Олбани в Академии (1819-1822). В …
  Русский словарь Colier
• ФОРД
  Русский словарь Colier
• ГЕНРИ — henry
  Русско-Английский толковый словарь терминов и сокращений по ВТ, Интернету и программированию
• ФОРД — Ford ford
  
• ГЕНРИ — муж. h, Henry, henry henry
  Большой Русско-Английский словарь
• ФОРД — форд ford
  
• ГЕНРИ — генри henry
  Русско-Английский словарь Сократ
• ХАДСОН, ГЕНРИ — Henry Hudson
  Русско-Американский Английский словарь
• О.ГЕНРИ — (О.Henry; псевд., наст. имя - Уильям Сидни Портер, Porter) (1862-1910), американский писатель. Родился 11 сентября 1862 в Гринсборо (шт. Сев. …
  Русский словарь Colier
• YOUNG — 1. прил. 1) а) молодой, юный young at heart ≈ молодой сердцем young in spirit ≈ молодой душой He is …
  
• LIZZIE — сущ. 1) дешевый автомобиль, преим. форд (тж. tin lizzie) lizzie bum ≈ бродяга, путешествующий на дешевом автомобиле 2) сл. лесбиянка …
  Большой Англо-Русский словарь
• HENRY — сущ.; электр. генри (единица индуктивности) (электротехника) генри (единица индуктивности) henry эл. генри (единица индуктивности)
  Большой Англо-Русский словарь
• — I сущ.; мн. - As, A"s, Aes 1) первая буква англ. алфавита 2) муз. ля 3) амер. отлично (высшая отметка …
  Большой Англо-Русский словарь
• WIRT, WILLIAM — (1772-1834) Уэрт, Уильям Юрист, государственный деятель и писатель. В 1772 начал адвокатскую практику в вирджинской глубинке, затем в столице Вирджинии г. …
• PORTER, WILLIAM SYDNEY (O. HENRY) — (1862-1910) Портер, Уильям Сидни (О. Генри) Писатель, признанный мастер короткого рассказа, публиковался под псевдонимом О. Генри. Работал банковским служащим, в 1896 …
• MERCURY LYNX — авто "Меркурий Линкс" Экономичный компактный автомобиль с 4-цилиндровым двигателем, выпущенный отделением "Линкольн-Меркьюри" корпорации "Форд мотор" …
• JEEP — авто джип Небольшой полноприводной автомобиль повышенной проходимости. Был создан в 1940 компанией "Виллис-оверленд моторс" , выигравшей специальный конкурс Сухопутных сил …
• GIVE ME LIBERTY ... — "Дайте мне свободу..." Знаменитая фраза члена законодательного собрания Вирджинии П. Генри , которой на провинциальном конвенте Вирджинии (в 1974-77), республиканец. В 1935 окончил Мичиганский университет Г. Форда . В 1919-43 - президент компании, …
• FORD TRIMOTOR — "Форд Тримотор" Почтово-транспортный цельнометаллический моноплан, выпускавшийся компанией "Форд мотор" в 1927-33. В его основу был положен проект трехмоторного …
• FORD TORINO — "Форд Торино" Комфортабельный мощный автомобиль, выпускавшийся фирмой "Форд мотор" , на котором в 1972 испытывался опытный двигатель Стирлинга (двигатель …
• FORD TAURUS — авто "Форд Таурус", "Форд Торус" Автомобиль среднего класса, выпускаемый с середины 1980-х гг. компанией "Форд мотор" . Занимал одно из …
• FORD MUSTANG — авто "Форд Мустанг" Популярный полуспортивный автомобиль среднего класса, выпущенный компанией "Форд мотор" на базе модели "Фэлкон" в …
• FORD MODEL T — ист "Форд Т" Первый в мире дешевый массовый автомобиль, разработанный в 1908-10 годах в нескольких модификациях, который компания "Форд мотор" , который выпускался в 1928-31 с вариантами кузова "родстер" , "кабриолет" …
• FORD GRANADA — авто "Форд Гранада" Популярный автомобиль среднего класса компании "Форд мотор" , выпущенный в 1975 в ряде модификаций с 4-, 6- …
• FORD GALAXIE — авто "Форд Гэлакси" Большой комфортабельный автомобиль выше среднего класса, выпускавшийся компанией "Форд мотор" в 1957-80; вместе с моделями "Форд …
• FORD FAIRLANE — авто "Форд Фэрлейн" Большой комфортабельный автомобиль выше среднего класса, выпускавшийся фирмой "Форд мотор" в 1957-80; вместе с моделями "Форд …
• FORD EXP — "Форд ЭКСПИ" Дорогой полуспортивный двухместный экономичный автомобиль, рассчитанный "на 30-летнего холостяка", выпускавшийся в 1982-88 компанией "Форд мотор" . От …
• FORD ESCORT — "Форд Эскорт" Экономичный "компактный" автомобиль с 4-цилиндровым двигателем, выпущенный компанией "Форд мотор" в 1980 году одновременно …
• FORD BRONCO II — "Форд Бронко II" Джип "большого класса", производившийся в 1980-х компанией "Форд мотор" . Выпускался с V-образным 8- и 6-цилиндровыми …
• JEEP — авто джип Небольшой полноприводной автомобиль повышенной проходимости. Был создан в 1940 компанией "Виллис-оверленд моторс" , выигравшей специальный конкурс …
• WIRT, WILLIAM — (1772-1834) Уэрт, Уильям Юрист, государственный деятель и писатель. В 1772 начал адвокатскую практику в вирджинской глубинке, затем в столице Вирджинии …
• PORTER, WILLIAM SYDNEY — (O. Henry) (1862-1910) Портер, Уильям Сидни (О. Генри) Писатель, признанный мастер короткого рассказа, публиковался под псевдонимом О. Генри. Работал банковским …
• MERCURY LYNX — авто "Меркурий Линкс" Экономичный компактный автомобиль с 4-цилиндровым двигателем, выпущенный отделением "Линкольн-Меркьюри" корпорации "Форд мотор" , которой на провинциальном конвенте …
• FORD, GERALD RUDOLPH, JR. — (р. 1913) Форд, Джералд Рудолф, мл. 38-й президент США (в 1974-77), республиканец. В 1935 окончил Мичиганский университет , затем …
• FORD, EDSEL BRYANT — (1893-1943) Форд, Эдсел Брайант Сын основателя компании "Форд мотор" Г. Форда . В 1919-43 - президент …
• FORD TRIMOTOR — "Форд Тримотор" Почтово-транспортный цельнометаллический моноплан, выпускавшийся компанией "Форд мотор" в 1927-33. В его основу был положен проект …
• FORD TORINO — "Форд Торино" Комфортабельный мощный автомобиль, выпускавшийся фирмой "Форд мотор" , на котором в 1972 испытывался опытный двигатель Стирлинга …
• FORD MUSTANG — "Форд Мустанг" Популярный полуспортивный автомобиль среднего класса, выпущенный компанией "Форд мотор" на базе модели "Фэлкон" …
• FORD MODEL T — ист. "Форд Т" Первый в мире дешевый массовый автомобиль, разработанный в 1908-10 годах в нескольких модификациях, который компания "Форд мотор" …
• FORD GALAXIE — "Форд Гэлакси" Большой комфортабельный автомобиль выше среднего класса, выпускавшийся компанией "Форд мотор" в 1957-80; вместе с моделями …
• FORD FAIRLANE — "Форд Фэрлейн" Большой комфортабельный автомобиль выше среднего класса, выпускавшийся фирмой "Форд мотор" в 1957-80; вместе с моделями …
• ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСТВО — ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСТВО И МАГНЕТИЗМ В 1820 Г.Эрстед (1777-1851) обнаружил, что проводник с током воздействует на магнитную стрелку, поворачивая ее. Буквально неделей …
  Русский словарь Colier