Гиа по английскому языку грамматика и лексика. Как выполнять задание по грамматике в ОГЭ по английскому языку
Первое задание по грамматике представляет собой связанный текст, в котором есть пропуски. Нам требуется заполнить 9 пропусков правильной грамматической формой слова, приведенного в самом задании. Задание содержит в себе шесть вопросов базового уровня сложности и три вопроса повышенного уровня сложности.
К базовому уровню сложности можно отнести пропуски, требующие только знания правильной грамматической формы и не требующие дополнительного анализа контекста. Наиболее частотными вопросами базового уровня являются вопросы по следующим темам:
- для существительных: слова-исключения множественного числа, притяжательные формы с ’s, а также сочетание этих двух форм (например, нужно показать принадлежность для существительного во множественном числе: men’s cars, women’s handbags, children’s toys и т.д.);
- для прилагательных и наречий: степени сравнения и возможные исключения, формы притяжательных прилагательных my/your/his/her/its/our/their;
- для местоимений: объектные формы me/you/him/her/it/us/them, а также притяжательные формы mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs;
- для глаголов: форма глагола с частицей to или окончанием –ing (например, I want to sing, но I enjoy singing).
Форма глагола, выражающего действие, в английском языке зависит от того, кто (что) выполняет это действие. Иными словами, форма глагола зависит от подлежащего, поэтому прежде чем разбираться с тем, когда произошло действие и какого типа это действие, нам нужно понять, какое слово является подлежащим в данном предложении / соответствующей части данного предложения.
Пример.
Анализируя предложение с пропуском, мы можем разделить его на две части: (1) She was trying on new outfits (2) when her mobile phone suddenly __________ (RING) . Нас интересует только вторая часть, в которой мы легко можем увидеть подлежащее – her mobile phone – именно этот предмет выполняет действие «звонить». Для себя мы также можем отметить, что фразу her mobile phone мы можем заменить на местоимение it . Это поможет нам при выборе правильной формы глагола на заключительном этапе.
Шаг 2. Определяем залог, время и тип действия.
Для начала нам нужно понять, наше подлежащее самостоятельно выполняет действие или действие выполняется над человеком/предметом , являющимся нашим подлежащим. В зависимости от этого мы берём форму активного или пассивного залога соответственно.
Далее мы смотрим на всё предложение (а при необходимости и на соседние предложения) и определяем время, в котором происходит действие – настоящее, прошедшее или будущее . В зависимости от этого временного контекста, мы будем выбирать категорию Past , Present или Future .
Наконец, мы оцениваем, к какой категории относится наше действие – Simple, Continuous или Perfect.
- Выбираем Simple , если важно отразить, что действие выполняется на регулярной основе и с определённой частотой (для настоящего) или произошло от начала до конца и завершилось (для прошлого).
- Выбираем Continuous , если важно отразить, что действие в развитии и не завершилось.
- Выбираем Perfect , если важно показать, что действие завершилось и у него есть результат (для настоящего) или что это действие предшествовало какому-то другому действию из предложения (для прошлого).
Amy was clothes shopping. She was trying on new outfits when her mobile phone suddenly __________ (RING).
В нашем случае с мобильным телефоном мы можем сказать следующее
1) телефон звонит сам, следовательно, нам нужен активный залог;
2) все действия происходят в прошлом (Amy was
shopping
, She was
trying on
), следовательно, выбираем Past;
3) в действии «звонить» важно, что оно произошло неожиданно (suddenly
), то есть это было достаточно короткое действие, которое произошло от начала до конца и закончилось, следовательно, выбираем Simple.
В итоге, нам нужна форма активного залога в Past Simple.
Шаг 3. Перепроверяем смысл предложения.
Очень важно помнить, что предложение по своему смыслу может быть как утвердительным , так и отрицательным . Поэтому не забудьте перепроверить, подходит ли утвердительная форма глагола по смыслу или же её нужно заменить на соответствующую отрицательную форму данного грамматического времени.
Пример.
Amy was clothes shopping. She was trying on new outfits when her mobile phone suddenly __________ (RING).
Отрицательное значение глагола RING делает все предложение бессмысленным. Поэтому в нашем случае нам нужна форма глагола RING для времени Past Simple и для подлежащего her mobile phone (it). Поскольку глагол RING – неправильный, мы не добавляем окончание ED, а берем форму из второй колонки неправильных глаголов – RANG.
Подробное выполнение задания c вопросами всех типов смотрите в видео.
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Вариант экзамена по английскому языку в формате ГИА
Общие пояснения к предлагаемым вариантам экзаменационной работы
При ознакомлении с предлагаемыми вариантами работ следует иметь в виду, что задания, включенные в них, не отражают всех вопросов содержания, которые будут проверяться с помощью вариантов реальных контрольно-измерительных материалов (КИМ). Полный перечень элементов содержания, которые могут контролироваться на экзамене, приведен в кодификаторе, помещенном на сайте www.fipi.ru.
Назначение предлагаемых вариантов заключается в том, чтобы дать возможность любому участнику экзамена и широкой общественности составить представление о структуре будущей экзаменационной работы, числе и форме заданий, а также их уровне сложности. Приведенные критерии оценки выполнения заданий с развернутым ответом, включенные в тот или иной вариант, позволят составить представление о требованиях к полноте и правильности развернутого ответа.
Инструкция по выполнению работы
Экзаменационная работа по английскому языку состоит из двух частей (письменной и устной ) и включает 25 заданий. Сначала выполняется письменная часть , требующая заполнения экзаменуемым соответствующих пунктов задания на специальном бланке. На её выполнение отводится 1,5 часа (90 мин). В этой части работы предлагается выполнить 23 задания, которые даны в следующей последовательности.
- В Разделе 1 (задания по аудированию) предполагается прослушивание нескольких текстов и выполнение 5 заданий на понимание услышанного. Рекомендуемое время на выполнение данного раздела - 20 минут.
- Раздел 2 (задания по чтению) включает 5 заданий, которые позволят оценить понимание прочитанных текстов. Рекомендуемое время на выполнение заданий - 20 минут.
- Раздел 3 (задания по грамматике и лексике) состоит из 12 заданий. Рекомендуемое время на выполнение раздела - 20 минут.
- В Разделе 4 (задание по составлению письма) предусмотрено 1 задание, предлагающее написать личное письмо. Черновые пометки делаются непосредственно на листе с заданиями (они не оцениваются), полный вариант письменного ответа записывается на отдельном листе. Рекомендуемое время на выполнение - 30 минут.
Устная часть экзамена состоит из двух заданий - монологическое высказывание по за данной теме и диалог-расспрос (беседа в ситуациях повседневного общения). Время устного ответа 6 минут на одного учащегося.
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите 5 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего 1-5 и утверждениями, данными в списке A-F . Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей буквой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
В1
The speaker talks about famous British
A. national game
B. games with the same name
C. pastime and sport
D. sport competitions
E. game named after school
F. outdoor and indoor sports
| Говорящий | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Утверждение (буква) |
Вы услышите разговор мужчины и полицейского. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А1-А4 (1 - True) , какие не соответствуют (2 - False) (3 - Not stated) . Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
Two friends agreed to meet at the store twenty yeas ago.
Jimmy decided to go to the West with his friend.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
The speaker believed that his friend Jimmy would come.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
Jimmy became a policeman.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
Раздел 2. Чтение
Прочитайте информацию для студентов, только что приехавших в летнюю школу. Установите соответствие между заголовками A-F и пронумерованными абзацами текста 1-5 . Запишите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.
В2
A. Safe solutions are still needed
B. International efforts to stop pollution
C. Science for nature protection
D. Set to protect nature.
E. Air pollution in the chain of global destruction.
F. We are all elements of global ecosystem.
- People have lived on our planet for many years. We may live on different continents and in different countries, but we all depend on our planet, on the sun, on animals and plants around us. We must take care of Earth but not destruct wildlife. Many species of animals and birds are disappearing nowadays. We cut down trees to make furniture, but we forget that people can’t live without trees and plants. Every little creature or thing oh Earth plays its own part and makes our home unique.
- One of the biggest eco problems is pollution. The main reason of pollution is rubbish Most of our rubbish goes to big holes in the ground, called ’dumps’. But dumps are very dangerous for our life, because they are full of rats, which can carry infections away from dumps. Another way to get rid of rubbish is to burn it. But the fires make poisons, which go into the air and pollute it. This is the propel scientists should get interested in. Such researchers are worth spending money on.
- The Royal Society for the prevention of cruelty to animals (the RSPCA) tries to protect animals from bad use. It operates big nation campaigns aimed at lost pets and circus animals. The World Wildlife Fund (The WWF) rescued several species of animals mammals as well as birds. These organizations also helped to create more than 25C National parks. Greenpeace began its work 20 years ago from saving whales. And now Greenpeace is a world-famous organization, which saves plants, animals and people.
- Every year world industry pollutes the atmosphere with about 1000 million tons ol dust and harmful substances. Many cities suffer from smog. Vast forests are cut down and burn in fire. Their disappearance upsets the oxygen balance. As a result some rare species of animals, birds, fish and plants disappear forever, a number of lakes and rivers dry up. The pollution of air and the world destruction of the ozone layer is the result of man’s careless interaction with nature, a sign of ecological crises.
- Numerous conferences have been held to discuss questions of ecologically pool regions including the Aral Sea, the South Urals, Kuzbass, Donbass, Seiriipalatsinsfc and Chernobyl. An international environmental research center has been set up on Lake Baikal. Scientists are also doing much to preserve the environment. But these are only the initial steps that must be carried forward to protect not only for the sake of the present but for the future generations.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А5-А8 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True) , какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated) .
One of the most significant dates during the reign of the Spanish Catholic Monarchs was 12th October 1492: the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus.
The fact that Christopher Columbus (who was not originally Spanish) appealed to a foreign court to offer his services proved that the discovery of America was not unexpected.
Portugal and Spain were well-advanced in the exploration of overseas mercantile routes and Sevilla, a wealthy Spanish city, was by then an important commercial centre. We know that the African routes were closed to Spain in favour of Portugal. In 1479, Alfonso V of Portugal recognized the rights of Spain over the Canary Islands, while Spain ^recognized the rights of Portugal over the Azores, Cape Verde and Madeira.
The Canary Islands were an excellent bridgehead for alternate routes. Unified Spain possessed in 1492 a powerful war machine, a solid economy, naval experience including the exploration of trade routes and notable scientific-technical potential mathematicians, geographers, astronomers and shipbuilders who had been formed in a melting-pot of three cultures: Jews, Muslims and Christians. Its only rival was its neighbour, Portugal, which, as we know, had put a stop to Spanish expansion in Africa.
Columbus’ offer was rapidly accepted, but during his journey to Asia his caravels unexpectedly came across the American continent.
The Spanish were especially well prepared by history to conquer, occupy, populate and exploit new lands and assimilate new people. America thus became the new frontier-land for those people used to its ways and with the military, diplomats and administrative arms at their disposal to face the challenge. By the middle of the 16th century, they had settled in the two most important viceroyalties, Mexico on the Atlantic, and Peru on the Pacific.
A5
Sevilla was the largest sea port and trade center of the world.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A6
In the 15-th century it was the privilege of Portugal to use African routes.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A7
By 1492 Spain had serious resourses to expand its world influence
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A8
The Spanish were not ready to settle on the newly open lands.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте текст на картинке. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами ВЗ-В9 так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию ВЗ-В9 .
Аналогично предыдущему прочитайте текст на картинке ниже. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В10-В14 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию В10-В14.
Раздел 4. Письмо
Для ответа на задание С1 используйте отдельный чистый лист. При выполнении задания С1 особое внимание обратите на то, что ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным на отдельном листе. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма письма. Письма недостаточного объема, а также часть текста письма, превышающая требуемый объем - не оцениваются. На чистом листе вы указываете сначала номер задания С1 , а потом пишете свой ответ.
С1
You have 30 minutes to do this task.
You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend Frank.
... Yesterday I went to our school library to prepare for my exam. Is there a library at your school? Do you and your friends often take books from the library? Why /why not? What kind of books are there in your school library? ...
Write him a letter and answer his 3 questions.
Write 80–100 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.
Раздел 5. Говорение
Вы получите карточку, на которой представлены два задания для устного ответа: С2 - тематическое монологическое высказывание, СЗ - диалог-расспрос. Окончание выполнения каждого задания определяет экзаменатор. Во время проведения этой части экзамена идёт постоянная запись вашего ответа.
Задания для экзаменуемого
Ответы на Вариант 1 задания экзамена по английскому языку в формате ГИА
| Номер задания | Ответ |
|---|---|
Wordbuilding
1. Переведите следующие слова. Назовите часть речи.
Brotherhood, helpless, boredom, unequal, deepen, golden, leader, Japanese, secondary, anti-fascist, similar, peacemaker, surgery, furniture, comical, convenient, acceptable, achievement, anonymous, academician, Georgian, disarmament, witty, hysterical, co-existence, scientific, purify, materialist, rootless, international, measurement, underground, creature, dirty, apologize, agrarian, absoluteness, inventor, technical, various, tactless, creature.
2. Образуйте прилагательные от существительных при помощи следующих суффиксов: -al, -ful, -ous, - у, -able, -ible, -ic, -less, -ish. Переведите пары слов.
Reason, beauty, hope, doubt, care, aim, use, desire, boy, success, heart, experiment, office, danger, fame, electron, nature, cloud, sun, child, Scott, history, home.
2.Прочитайте приведенные ниже тексты. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами – прилагательными.
All my classmates say that I’m (1 TREND)________. I enjoy wearing (2 STYLE)________ clothes. I like to look smart and (3 ATTRACT)________. We can’t go through life with the same hairstyle or make-up. It’s very (4 IMPORTANCE)_________ to follow fashion. I hate when people dress alike, because they buy clothes in “chain” stores. I prefer hand-made or design clothes. My classmates say that I’m (5 MATERIALIST)________, but it’s not a sin, is it? Sometimes I turn up in something really (6 EXTRAVAGANCE)_________. When you are up with fashion you feel you are individual.
Key: 1 trendy, 2 stylish, 3 attractive, 4 important, 5 materialistic, 6 extravagant.
3.The United States is a large country with many (1 DIFFER)__________ natural wonders. It goes from the shores of the Atlantic Ocean to the islands of Hawaii in the Pacific, and from cold, snowy (2 NORTH)__________ Alaska to (3 SUN)_________ Florida in the southeast. Also, it has many kinds of land – (4 ROCK)________ coasts, dry empty deserts, (5 POWER)__________ rivers, wide plains and grasslands, lakes of all sizes, high mountains, great forests, sunny beaches and lands of (6 END)__________ winter. More than 250 million people live in the US. But the country is very big, so there is still a lot of open space and (7 NATURE)_______ scenery outside the cities. Americans have tried to save many of the most (8 BEAUTY)__________ wild areas of the United States. There are a lot of parks, forests and wildlands where you can enjoy the beauty and power of wild America. The Grand Canyon, Yosemite Valley, and Yellow-stone are among the most (9 FAME)________.
KEY: 1 different, 2 northern, 3 sunny, 4 rocky, 5 powerful, 6 endless, 7 natural, 8 beautiful, 9 famous 7.
4.Прочитайте приведенные ниже тексты. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами – существительными и прилагательными.
The Olympic Games are an (1 NATION)___________ sports festival that began in ancient Greece. The (2 ORIGIN)_________ Greek games took place every fourth year for several hundred years, until they were brought to an end in the early (3 CHRIST)__________ era. The Olympic games were renewed in 1896, and since then they have been staged every fourth years, except during World War I and World War II. Perhaps the main (4 DIFFER)_________ between ancient and modern Olympics is that for the ancient Greeks the Games were a way of saluting their gods, when the modern Games are a manner of saluting the (5 ATHLETE)________ talents of people of all nation. The original Olympics included (6 COMPETE)__________ in music, oratory, and theatre (7 PERFORM)_________ as well. The modern Games haven’t got them, but they represent a lot more sports than before. For two weeks and a half any international conflicts must be stopped and replaced with friendly competitions. This is the noble idea on which the modern Olympic (8 MOVE)________ is based.
Key: 1 international, 2 original, 3 Christian, 4 difference, 5 athletic, 6 competitions, 7 performances, 8 movement.
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Обучение лексике и грамматике при подготовке к ОГЭ
Какие могут быть советы по данным заданиям? Прежде чем выполнять задания 18-26 , заполняя пропуски, нужно прочитать обязательно весь рассказ или текст целиком, чтобы понять содержание. Подсказка на выбор правильной грамматической формы слова необязательно находится в самом предложении, а может быть, например, в предыдущем предложении. Если требуется поставить глагол в нужную форму, прежде всего, определи, в каком залоге (активном или пассивном) стоит сказуемое. (этот момент очень важен, так как дети часто не видят этого, поэтому я постоянно акцентирую на это внимание!)
При определении временной формы глагола обрати внимание на ключевые слова (или как я их называю «слова-подсказки»). Поищи в предложении те слова, которые помогут определить нужное время. Если их нет, то прочитай предыдущее предложение и посмотри, в каком времени стоит глагол. Обычно в тексте все предложения взаимосвязаны. Часто в задании требуется образовать от глагола причастие (третья форма глагола) или герундий (к глаголу прибавляется окончание - ing). Определи, какое это причастие - активное (герундий) или пассивное (третья форма глагола).
Если в задании стоит числительное, например, two , то скорее всего, требуется образовать порядковое числительное например, second . Если необходимо преобразовать местоимение, определи, какая форма требуется, например стоит местоимение We . Подумай, что здесь может быть: our (за ним сразу стоит существительное), us , ourselves или ours (без существительного). Если речь идёт об указательном местоимении, то посмотри какое может быть число ед. или мн. (this-these)
Если нужно преобразовать существи - тельное, то здесь нужно вспомнить правила образования множественного числа существительных. Часто бывают именно исключения (mouse – mice , man-men) Если нужно преобразовать прилагательное, то здесь речь идёт о степенях сравнения. Это либо сравнительная, либо превос - ходная (bad – worse -the worst) .
Verb transformations Read the sentences and complete the gaps in the correct form 1. I always ____ (drink) milk for my breakfast but today I_____ (have) a cup of hot cocoa. 2. Julia is sick so she_____ (not come) to our meeting today. Let’s start. 3. Open the door! Someone ______(just ring) the bell for the second time. 4. While Frank____ (study) last night, his sister____ (make) ten calls on his mobile. 5. I____ (write) most of my report yesterday but I(finish) it yet. (drink, am having, /hasn’t come, / has just rung, /was studying, made,/wrote, haven’t finished)
Прочитайте текст и напишите соответствующую форму слова, данного под номерами 18-26 Playing Children ……… (ENJOY 18) playing since the first humans walked on the Earth thousands of years ago. Playing………..(SEEM 19)to be an important way for children to learn how to work together. It also helps…… (THEY 20)find out how the world works. Indeed, many scientists think that one of the ………(GOOD 21) ways for children to learn a foreign language, for example, is to learn while playing games. Children play games and play with toys, but what ………… (BE 22)the differences between games and toys? Firstly, toys ………. (NOT HAVE 23)rules or winners and losers. Most games do. Secondly, a toy is always a physical thing that someone …………….. (24 MAKE). Monopoly, for example,………….. (25NEED) physical equipment but others, like word games, do not . Ключи 18 haveenjoyed / 19 seems / 20 them/ 21 best/ 22 are/ 23 don’thave / 24 hasmade / 25 needs
Wordbuilding - ly -able un- im - -y - dom - il re- -or(er) - ment - ful - ing -(t)ion -al
Назовите глаголы, от которых образованы следующие существительные: Protection, show, writer, worker, movement, investigation, achievement, statement, reader, department, equipment, construction, organization, reporter, arrival, improvement, conductor, establishment, development, education, definition, regulation, assistance, agreement.
Найдите и выделите суффиксы в данных словах и определите, к ка кой части речи эти слова относятся: British, foolish, understandable, heartless, pitiless, successful, experiment, function, musician, socialist, artist, capitalism, professional, fundamental, industrial, doubtful, useful, different, treatment, creative, attractive, peaceful, dangerous, elementary, childish, active, economic, director, worker, passage, marriage, silence, freedom, kingdom. Образуйте глаголы с помощью суффикса - en: Red, tight, soft, deep, short, dark, bright, weak, black, white, sweet, sharp Образуйте наречия с помощью суффикса -1у: Bad, first, part, quick, strong, short, silent, rapid, wide, extreme, cruel, kind, happy.
ТИПИЧНЫЕ СЛОВООБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЕ ОСНОВЫ DIFFER – ATTRACT - COMPETE - FAME - SENSE- FRIEND- SYMPATHY- STRONG- NATURE - CONFIDENT- SERIOUS- SAFE- PROTECT DANGER SCIENCE- IMPORTANCE- WONDER USUAL- COMFORT WONDER USE - EASY- GREAT- SUCCESS- ABLE- ECONOMY -ENJOY- NERVE- BEAUTY REAL-
Board Games Choose the correct words. Playing a board game is ___(popular/ unpopular) way of spending time but the board game has also a long___ (history/ historical). ____(Historicals /Historians)think that one of the oldest board games was called Senet . It was (discovered/ uncovered) in tombs from Ancient Egypt in the 4 th century BC. The board has thirty squares and two sets of___(pieces/peaces) made of different______(products/ production) . Although no-one knows exactly how to play Senet , some____(experts/exports) believe it is similar to backgammon. The history of backgammon itself goes back approximately 5,000years.(Archaeologists/Archaeology) working in Iran have found that a similar game was played there around 3,000 BC.
VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE be angry anger angry decide decision decisive (indecisive) live life alive hate hatred hateful pain pain painful die death dead poison poison poisonous (poisoned) suspect suspect suspicious depress depression depressing (depressive) behave behavior -- offend offence offensive
Complete the sentences with a word from exercise 1 1. Mark never believes anything to say, he always thinks people are trying to trick him. He is a very ……… person.(suspicious) 2. Steve was a bit ……..and upset after he failed his driving test, but he’s fine now.(depressed) 3. Kate is often…… She can’t make her mind up about anything, she takes a long time to…..what she wants to do.(indecisive, decide) 4.The children were very naughty in class today. That kind of….. Is not acceptable, the teacher is going to speak to them about it. (behaviour)
Word Formation 1. W ales is part of the United Kingdom, so you can’t really call it an ____(depend) country. 2. Summer’s here again, and sale sof sunglasses, swimsuits and the like are a____(boom) business. 3. I asked my sister to lend me her T-shirt; ___(surprise), she said ’yes’! 4. Everyone asks Pauline for advice as she’s the most____ (experience) member of the stuff. 5. After the war, many people had to live in ____ (crowd) flats and houses. (Independent,/booming/,surprisingly/,experienced/ , overcrowded)
Complete the article with the correct form of the word. DEVELOP 1. A good diet and lots of exercise are essential for a child’s healthy growth and____. 2.I took a history course that dealt with the ____of popular culture. 3. It became clear that he____ like all the other little boys. 4. I’m looking for a job which will enable me to_____ my talent. 5. Sharks have a highly____ sense of smell. 6. ______ countries have little industry or wealth but have the ability to grow economically.
Use the words in capitals to form a word that fits in the space in the same line: CHINA Two centuries ago China was seen as a (0)……. of mystery combine (0) combination and wasteland. Its only (1) ….. export was tea. However, fame (1)…………… over the years (2)….. in China has changed. Many have live (2)……………. noted the change in Chinese (3)…….. especially the social (3)…………… (4)……… of its people. treat (4)……………. A (5)………. of the West and the East is now found in mix (5)…………… modern businesses. The (6)…….. of weapons and the product (6)…………… growth of its army have made China a world power. But urban development has been (7)…….. to the Chinese. harm (7)…………… Thousands of (8)….. peasant farmers have been lucky (8)…………… attracted to the new cities. Their (9)…… of the land is forgotten and many die know (9)…………… homeless. China’s future is (10)…….; no one knows what will predictable (10)…………. happen next.
Дорогие коллеги!
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Результаты ОГЭ 2013-2014 учебного года показали, что самым сложным был раздел «Говорение». Поэтому новая рубрика будет посвящена вопросам подготовки учащихся, стратегиям и успешному выполнению заданий из устной части ОГЭ. Учебники «Английский в фокусе» (“Spotlight”) обладают большим потенциалом для развития навыков говорения.
С уважением, , учитель-методист, руководитель ММО учителей английского языка Городского округа Химки, Заслуженный Учитель России, Победитель ПНПО 2006, Лауреат именной премии Губернатора Московской области 2005, 2012, эксперт ОГЭ и ЕГЭ.
Обучение устной речи при подготовке учащихся к ОГЭ по материалам УМК «Английский в фокусе»
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Хорошее знание лексики и грамматики способствует развитию навыков письма. Подготовка учащихся к ГИА. Лексика, грамматика и письмо.
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Государственная итоговая аттестация по английскому языку (в новой форме) 2013
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Английский язык.
Государственная итоговая аттестация.
Тренировочные задания
(с ключами). 9 класс
Авторы: В. Эванс, Э. А. Гашимов, А. Е. Куровская.
Отличительные черты пособия:
Вариативные задания, соответствующие демо-версии 2013 года;
Разнообразные по жанрам тексты для аудирования и чтения;
Ключи ко всем заданиям пособия и аудиоскрипты.
Современная грамматика
английского языка
для подготовки к ГИА
Авторы: Jenny Dooley
Virginia Evans
Авторская программа
Сборники тренировочных
упражнений в формате
ГИА
для 5-9 классов
Авторы Ю. Е. Ваулина,
О. Е. Подоляко
В сборнике предлагается система заданий на развитие умений чтения, письма, лексико-грамматических навыков как основы речевых умений. Сборник не только решает задачу тренировки установленных форматов экзаменационных заданий, но и служит развитию универсальных учебных действий согласно требованию ФГОС основного общего образования. Материалы пособия можно использовать на уроках английского языка и дома самостоятельно.
Сборник
устных тем
для подготовки
к ГИА.
5–9 классы
Автор Ю. А. Смирнов
После изучения материалов сборника раздел «Говорение» ГИА по английскому языку в 9 классе не будет представлять для учащихся труда. Кроме того, материалы сборника можно использовать при подготовке к зачётам и экзаменам по английскому языку в 5–9 классах.
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PET for
Schools
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Tests
Издательство
Express Publishing
И. В. Тофель.
Английский язык.
Сборник
тренировочных
заданий.
9 класс
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Practice Exam Papers
Secondary School
ГИА
Тренировочные задания
Авторы: Э. Гашимов,
В. Эванс, А. Куровская
Отличительные черты пособия:
Вариативные задания, соответствующие демо-версии ГИА 2011 года;
Образцы выполнения заданий по всем видам речевой деятельности;
Подробные ответы ко всем заданиям.
Задание Ответ
Amy was clothes shopping. She was trying on new outfits when her mobile phone suddenly __RING
__. It was her friend Adam. He wanted to know if she needed any help __STUDY
__ for their history test.
‘Yes, please!’ said Amy. ‘I __DO
__ badly in the last test, so I really want to impress Mrs Sanders this time.’
They arranged to meet at Adams house at seven o’clock. ‘I can’t find my history notes, so remember to bring __YOU
__’ said Adam.
At eight o’clock, Amy still __NOT ARRIVE
__. Adam was not happy.
‘I can’t wait any __LONG
__,’ he thought to himself.
He was just about to call his friend Tom when he heard a couple of __WOMAN
__ voices outside. It was Amy and an older woman. Adam opened the door. ‘Hi Adam,’ said Amy. ‘Sorry I’m a few minutes late. The bad news is that I __LOSE
__ my history notes too.’
Amy smiled. ‘But don’t worry because this is a good friend of __ME
__ and she’s a history teacher!’
Amy was clothes shopping. She was trying on new outfits when her mobile phone suddenly RANG
. It was her friend Adam. He wanted to know if she needed any help STUDYING
for their history test.
‘Yes, please!’ said Amy. ‘I DID
badly in the last test, so I really want to impress Mrs Sanders this time.’
They arranged to meet at Adams house at seven o’clock. ‘I can’t find my history notes, so remember to bring YOURS
’ said Adam.
At eight o’clock, Amy still HAD NOT ARRIVED
. Adam was not happy.
‘I can’t wait any LONGER
,’ he thought to himself.
‘I’ll have to get the notes from someone else.’
He was just about to call his friend Tom when he heard a couple of WOMEN’S
voices outside. It was Amy and an older woman. Adam opened the door. ‘Hi Adam,’ said Amy. ‘Sorry I’m a few minutes late. The bad news is that I HAVE LOST
(можно LOST) my history notes too.’
Amy smiled. ‘But don’t worry because this is a good friend of MINE
and she’s a history teacher!’
Задание 2 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию
Почитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали контексту.
Задание Ответ
The Cyrillic alphabet is the alphabet used in Russian text. It is one of the most __WIDE __ used alphabets in the world.
The alphabet is used in __VARY __ languages, including Russian, Bulgarian, Serbian and Ukrainian.
It began in the __TEN __ century in the Bulgarian Empire. It was created by two Greek brothers, Cyril and Methodius.
It was formed from the Greek alphabet, although there are many __DIFFER __ between the two.
Some people would like the alphabet to be called the Russian alphabet, to refer to Russia, just as the Greek alphabet refers to Greece. They __AGREE __ with the name Cyrillic.
The alphabet recently became the EU’s third __OFFICE __ script, after Latin and Greek, when Bulgaria joined the EU.
The Cyrillic alphabet is the alphabet used in Russian text. It is one of the most WIDELY used alphabets in the world.
The alphabet is used in VARIOUS languages, including Russian, Bulgarian, Serbian and Ukrainian.
It began in the TENTH century in the Bulgarian Empire. It was created by two Greek brothers, Cyril and Methodius.
It was formed from the Greek alphabet, although there are many DIFFERENCES between the two.
Some people would like the alphabet to be called the Russian alphabet, to refer to Russia, just as the Greek alphabet refers to Greece. They DISAGREE with the name Cyrillic.
The alphabet recently became the EU’s third OFFICIAL script, after Latin and Greek, when Bulgaria joined the EU.
Задание 3 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию
Почитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали контексту.
Задание Ответ
The rouble is the currency of Russia. It __BE __ in use for around five centuries.
Sometimes, the rouble used in Russia __KNOW __ as the Russian rouble. This is because some other countries also call their currencies roubles.
In the 1700s, Russian roubles __MAKE __ with precious metals such as silver, gold and platinum.
The Russian government __BEGIN __ printing paper monev until towards the end of the 1700s.
Russian rouble banknotes today have images of well-known places in Russia, as well as famous __MAN __ in Russian history.
The banknotes have modern features that stop __THEY __ from being copied illegally.
The __HIGH __ amount that appears on a banknote is 5,000 Russian roubles. After that, there are banknotes worth 1,000, 100, 50, 10 and 5 roubles.
However, there are also 5- and 10-rouble coins, and these are used __COMMONLY __ than the 5- and 10-rouble banknotes.
Because 5-rouble coins are used so often, the government decided to stop __PRINT __ the 5-rouble banknotes any more.
The rouble is the currency of Russia. It HAS BEEN in use for around five centuries.
Sometimes, the rouble used in Russia IS KNOWN as the Russian rouble. This is because some other countries also call their currencies roubles.
In the 1700s, Russian roubles WERE MADE with precious metals such as silver, gold and platinum.
The Russian government DID NOT BEGIN printing paper money until towards the end of the 1700s.
Russian rouble banknotes today have images of well-known places in Russia, as well as famous MEN in Russian history.
The banknotes have modern features that stop THEM from being copied illegally.
The HIGHEST amount that appears on a banknote is 5,000 Russian roubles. After that, there are banknotes worth 1,000, 100, 50, 10 and 5 roubles.
However, there are also 5- and 10-rouble coins, and these are used MORE COMMONLY than the 5- and 10-rouble banknotes.
Because 5-rouble coins are used so often, the government decided to stop PRINTING the 5-rouble banknotes any more.
Задание 4 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию
Почитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали контексту.
Задание Ответ
Gina was going to play the part of a very old woman in the school play. She was looking forward to the first __PERFORM __ of the show.
A few minutes before going on stage, she had an accident. She didn’t notice a box on the floor, fell over it, and hurt her knee very __BAD __ .
She could barely walk and she didn’t know what to do. She felt __USE __ .
Then she remembered the expression “the show must go on”. Although Gina’s pain was __TERROR __ , she decided to carry on with the play.
Every second on stage was really __PAIN __ , but somehow she managed it.
Everyone thought her acting was very __IMPRESS __ and that she really looked like an old lady!
Gina was going to play the part of a very old woman in the school play. She was looking forward to the first PERFORMANCE of the show.
A few minutes before going on stage, she had an accident. She didn’t notice a box on the floor, fell over it, and hurt her knee very BADLY .
She could barely walk and she didn’t know what to do. She felt USELESS .
Then she remembered the expression “the show must go on”. Although Gina’s pain was TERRIBLE , she decided to carry on with the play.
Every second on stage was really PAINFUL , but somehow she managed it.
Everyone thought her acting was very IMPRESSIVE and that she really looked like an old lady!
Задание 5 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию
Почитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали контексту.
Задание Ответ
Frank’s birthday is on 6th July. Last year, he decided to have a big party for all his friends as it __BE __ his sixteenth birthday.
In previous years, his parents had refused to let him have a party, so he __FEEL __ very excited when they said yes this time.
‘This is going to be the __GOOD __ party ever!’ he told his friend, Charlie. ‘Will you help me?’
‘Sure’ __REPLY __ Charlie, because he liked the idea. So they started planning the party together.
Charlie and Frank had been to lots of __PARTY __ so they knew what to do.
‘What we need is some good music,’ said Frank. ‘We’ve got lots of MP3s, but it would be great if we __HAVE __ a sound system to play them really loudly.’
‘That’s a good idea,’ Charlie agreed. ‘My cousin is a DJ, so I’ll ask him if we can borrow __HE __ equipment.’
‘I __THINK __ your cousin was a policeman ’ Frank said, confused. Charlie told him that he had nineteen cousins.
‘Oh, yes, your family is much bigger than __I
__ ’ said Frank. ‘Just don’t invite them all to the party!’
Franks birthday is on 6th July. Last year, he decided to have a big party for all his friends as it WAS his sixteenth birthday.
In previous years, his parents had refused to let him have a party, so he FELT very excited when they said yes this time.
‘This is going to be the BEST party ever!’ he told his friend, Charlie. ‘Will you help me?’
‘Sure’ REPLIED Charlie, because he liked the idea. So they started planning the party together.
Charlie and Frank had been to lots of PARTIES so they knew what to do.
‘What we need is some good music,’ said Frank. ‘We’ve got lots of MP3s, but it would be great if we HAD a sound system to play them really loudly.’
‘That’s a good idea,’ Charlie agreed. ‘My cousin is a DJ, so I’ll ask him if we can borrow HIS equipment.’
‘I THOUGHT your cousin was a policeman ’ Frank said, confused. Charlie told him that he had nineteen cousins.
‘Oh, yes, your family is much bigger than MINE ’ said Frank. ‘Just don’t invite them all to the party!’
Задание 6 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию
Почитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали контексту.
Задание Ответ
Have you heard of the English city of York? It’s one of the most __FAME __ cities in the UK.
The Romans started the city in 71 AD. It quickly grew to become __CENTRE __ to the Roman Empire as a military base.
In 211, Constantine I was crowned Emperor in York. This was __REAL __ unusual and special, as Emperors were almost always crowned in Rome.
The historical __IMPORTANT __ of York is also symbolised by the Minster, one of the largest churches in the world.
The city burnt down in a __DISASTER __ fire in 1137, but managed to recover to become a centre of trade and commerce by the 1500s.
Fire struck again in 1984 and the Minster was badly damaged, but __FORTUNE __ , like the city itself, the Minster recovered its former glory to stand tall once again.
Have you heard of the English city of York? It’s one of the most FAMOUS cities in the UK.
The Romans started the city in 71 AD. It quickly grew to become CENTRAL to the Roman Empire as a military base.
In 211, Constantine I was crowned Emperor in York. This was REALLY unusual and special, as Emperors were almost always crowned in Rome.
The historical IMPORTANCE of York is also symbolised by the Minster, one of the largest churches in the world.
The city burnt down in a DISASTROUS fire in 1137, but managed to recover to become a centre of trade and commerce by the 1500s.
Fire struck again in 1984 and the Minster was badly damaged, but FORTUNATELY , like the city itself, the Minster recovered its former glory to stand tall once again.
Задание 7 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию
Почитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали контексту.
Задание Ответ
Do you remember the 2012 Olympics? The opening ceremony __DIRECT __ by award-winning film-maker Danny Boyle.
Not many people expected the ceremony to be very good, despite __HE __ excellent reputation as a director.
But, in the end, it was very successful. Almost everyone who __SEE __ it said it was fantastic.
The show __WATCH __ by more than 900 million people and lasted for four hours.
Many of the various sections of the show contained lots of __CHILD __ and young people.
The aim of the ceremony was to give the world a taste of the __GOOD __ of British culture.
The sections featured everything from the Industrial Revolution to Britain’s literary heritage. These showed what the nation had achieved so far in __IT __ history.
One part of the ceremony appeared to show the Queen parachuting into the stadium. This has helped make her __POPULAR __ than ever.
Of course, she didn’t really jump from a helicopter. Everyone __KNOW __ it was a joke.
Do you remember the 2012 Olympics? The opening ceremony WAS DIRECT by award-winning film-maker Danny Boyle.
Not many people expected the ceremony to be very good, despite HIS excellent reputation as a director.
But, in the end, it was very successful. Almost everyone who SAW it said it was fantastic.
The show WAS WATCHED by more than 900 million people and lasted for four hours.
Many of the various sections of the show contained lots of CHILDREN and young people.
The aim of the ceremony was to give the world a taste of the BEST of British culture.
The sections featured everything from the Industrial Revolution to Britain’s literary heritage. These showed what the nation had achieved so far in ITS history.
One part of the ceremony appeared to show the Queen parachuting into the stadium. This has helped make her MORE POPULAR than ever.
Of course, she didn’t really jump from a helicopter. Everyone KNEW it was a joke.
Задание 8 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию
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Задание Ответ
I grew up in the UK in the 1980s. During my __CHILD __ there wasn’t always a lot to do in the summer holidays.
On the rare occasions when it was a warm __SUN __ day, we’d go for a picnic on Blackpool beach.
As far as my family were concerned, there was nothing more __ENJOY __ than eating sandwiches on the beach.
We hardly ever went swimming, though, as the water was often __EXTREME __ cold. So we would just play on the wet sand.
But even if we were __LUCKY __ with the weather and it started raining, we could always go for some fish and chips.
Nothing gave us more pleasure after a __TIRE __ day at the seaside.
I grew up in the UK in the 1980s. During my CHILDHOOD there wasn’t always a lot to do in the summer holidays.
On the rare occasions when it was a warm SUNNY day, we’d go for a picnic on Blackpool beach.
As far as my family were concerned, there was nothing more ENJOYABLE than eating sandwiches on the beach.
We hardly ever went swimming, though, as the water was often EXTREMELY cold. So we would just play on the wet sand.
But even if we were UNLUCKY with the weather and it started raining, we could always go for some fish and chips.
Nothing gave us more pleasure after a TIRING day at the seaside.
Задание 9 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию
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Задание Ответ
Lisa was getting ready for bed. She’d iust brushed her __TOOTH __ and was deciding which book to read in bed.
As usual, she was thinking about a million other things at the same time. ‘Daddy’s got the __INTERESTING __ job in the whole world,’ she thought.
I wonder if I’ll be a teacher like Daddy when I’m __OLD __ ,’she then thought. ‘Maybe I’ll be an astronaut.’
She smiled to __SHE __ at the idea of speeding through space in a spaceship.
Then she stopped __SMILE __ . ‘But if I’m an astronaut. I’ll be away from my family, friends and cat.’
She __KNOW __ it was impossible to be an astronaut and see her family all the time.
She __MAKE __ a decision. ‘I won’t do that job, then. I want to see my cat every evening.’
At that moment, her cat Timothy __COME __ into the room. Timothy looked at her, as if to say: ‘I want to see you every day, too.’
I
Lisa was getting ready for bed. She’d iust brushed her TEETH and was deciding which book to read in bed.
As usual, she was thinking about a million other things at the same time. ‘Daddy’s got the MOST INTERESTING job in the whole world,’ she thought.
I wonder if I’ll be a teacher like Daddy when I’m OLDER ,’ she then thought. ‘Maybe I’ll be an astronaut.’
She smiled to HERSELF at the idea of speeding through space in a spaceship.
Then she stopped SMILING . ‘But if I’m an astronaut. I’ll be away from my family, friends and cat.’
She KNEW it was impossible to be an astronaut and see her family all the time.
She MADE a decision. ‘I won’t do that job, then. I want to see my cat every evening.’
At that moment, her cat Timothy CAME into the room. Timothy looked at her, as if to say: ‘I want to see you every day, too.’
‘Now,’ said Lisa. ‘What book do you want __ME __ to read to you before bed tonight, Timothy?’
Задание 10 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию
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Задание Ответ
Pablo Picasso was born in 1881 and died in 1973. He’s an extremely well-known __PAINT __.
Although he was born in Spain, he spent most of his __AMAZE __ life in Paris.
Most of Picassos pictures are quite __USUAL __ to look at, as they contain strange shapes and very weird faces.
His pictures are very bright. __VIEW __ often say they are dramatic works of art.
Picasso had close __FRIEND __ with several other famous people from that time, including Henri Matisse and Gertrude Stein.
His talent was widely recognised during his lifetime, and when people think of the greatest artists of all time, they __GENERAL __ think of him.
Pablo Picasso was born in 1881 and died in 1973. He’s an extremely well-known PAINTER .
Although he was born in Spain, he spent most of his AMAZING life in Paris.
Most of Picassos pictures are quite UNUSUAL to look at, as they contain strange shapes and very weird faces.
His pictures are very bright. VIEWERS often say they are dramatic works of art.
Picasso had close FRIENDSHIPS with several other famous people from that time, including Henri Matisse and Gertrude Stein.
His talent was widely recognised during his lifetime, and when people think of the greatest artists of all time, they GENERALLY think of him.
Задание 11 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию
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Задание Ответ
Red Square is a city square in the centre of Moscow. It __CONSIDER __ by some people to be the centre of all of Russia.
Its name __NOT COME __ from the red bricks that make up the square, nor from any connection to a type of government.
Rather, the word ‘red’ in Russian can also mean ‘beautiful’. As the square has grand and beautiful buildings, __IT __ appearance is indeed lovely.
Originally, the square __DESIGN __ to be a market-place, but it has also been used for other purposes.
Official ceremonies __TAKE __ place there over the years, such as the crowning of tsars in past centuries.
Around the square, there __BE __ several important buildings, such as the Kremlin and St Basils Cathedral.
In 1990. Red Square __BECOME __ a UNESCO World Heritage Site, along with the Kremlin.
Red Square is also used for rock concerts __THIS __ days. Performers such as Paul McCartney, Shakira and the Red Hot Chili Peppers have played there.
McCartneys band, The Beatles, was not allowed to play in Russia. McCartnev, however, was the __TWO __ Beatle to perform in Russia, after Ringo Starr played there in 1998.
Red Square is a city square in the centre of Moscow. It IS CONSIDER by some people to be the centre of all of Russia.
Its name DOES NOT COME from the red bricks that make up the square, nor from any connection to a type of government.
Rather, the word ‘red’ in Russian can also mean ‘beautiful’. As the square has grand and beautiful buildings, ITS appearance is indeed lovely.
Originally, the square WAS DESIGNED to be a market-place, but it has also been used for other purposes.
Official ceremonies HAVE TAKEN place there over the years, such as the crowning of tsars in past centuries.
Around the square, there ARE several important buildings, such as the Kremlin and St Basils Cathedral.
In 1990. Red Square BECAME a UNESCO World Heritage Site, along with the Kremlin.
Red Square is also used for rock concerts THESE days. Performers such as Paul McCartney, Shakira and the Red Hot Chili Peppers have played there.
McCartneys band, The Beatles, was not allowed to play in Russia. McCartnev, however, was the SECOND Beatle to perform in Russia, after Ringo Starr played there in 1998.
Задание 12 на лексико-грамматическую трансформацию
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Задание Ответ
When Nick returned from his holiday, he met his friend Jill for a drink. She asked him if he had had a __RELAX __ time.
Nick said he’d really enjoyed swimming and visiting all the __ATTRACT __ but that it hadn’t all been perfect.
Because of this, Jill asked him what had made him __HAPPY __ during the trip.
‘You can’t __EASY
__ enjoy vourself when you’re sweating all the time,’ he said.
Jill reminded him that now he was back in London, where it was grey and __CLOUD __.
‘I know’ said Nick, ‘but __LUCKY __ I still have some sunburn from Thailand to keep me warm!’
When Nick returned from his holiday, he met his friend Jill for a drink. She asked him if he had had a RELAXING time.
Nick said he’d really enjoyed swimming and visiting all the ATTRACTIONS but that it hadn’t all been perfect.
Because of this, Jill asked him what had made him UNHAPPY during the trip.
Nick replied that he hadn’t really liked the hot weather.
‘You can’t EASILY
enjoy vourself when you’re sweating all the time,’ he said.
Jill reminded him that now he was back in London, where it was grey and CLOUDY .
‘I know’ said Nick, ‘but LUCKILY I still have some sunburn from Thailand to keep me warm!’
