Зачем мне нужно изучать английский язык. Почему это так важно изучать иностранные языки? Анекдот про важность изучения английского языка
1. Ford, Henry (1863-1947), American industrialist, best known for his pioneering achievements in the automobile industry. Ford was born on a farm near Dearborn, Michigan, on July 30, 1863, and educated in district schools. He became a machinist"s apprentice in Detroit at the age of 16. From 1888 to 1899 he was a
mechanical engineer, and later chief engineer, with the Edison Illuminating
Company. In 1893, after experimenting for several years in his leisure hours, he
completed the construction of his first automobile, and in 1903 he founded the
Ford Motor Company.
2. In 1913 Ford began using standardized interchangeable parts and assembly-line techniques in his plant. Although Ford neither originated nor was the first to employ such practices, he was chiefly responsible for the ir general adoption and for the consequent great expansion of American industry and the raising of the American standard of living. By early 1914 this innovation, although greatly increasing productivity, had resulted in a monthly labor turnover of 40 to 60 percent in his factory, largely because of the unpleasant monotony of assembly-line work and repeated increases in the production quotas assigned to workers. Ford met this difficulty by doubling the daily wage then standard in the industry, raising it from about $2.50 to $5.
3. The net result was increased stability in his labor force and a substantial
reduction in operating costs. These factors, coupled with the enormous increase
in output made possible by new technological methods, led to an increase in
company profits from $30 million in 1914 to $60 million in 1916. In 1908 the
Ford company initiated production of the celebrated Model T. Until 1927, when
the Model T was discontinued in favor of a more up-to-date model, the company
produced and sold about 15 million cars.
1. Ford, Henry (1863-1947), American industrialist, best known for his pioneering achievements in the automobile industry. Ford was born on a farm near Dearborn, Michigan, on July 30, 1863, and educated in district schools. He became a machinist"s apprentice in Detroit at the age of 16. From 1888 to 1899 he was a mechanical engineer, and later chief engineer, with the Edison Illuminating Company. In 1893, after experimenting for several years in his leisure hours, he completed the construction of his first automobile, and in 1903 he founded the Ford Motor Company. 2. In 1913 Ford began using standardized interchangeable parts and assembly-line techniques in his plant. Although Ford neither originated nor was the first to employ such practices, he was chiefly responsible for their general adoption and for the consequent great expansion of American industry and the raising of the American standard of living. By early 1914 this innovation, although greatly increasing productivity, had resulted in a monthly labor turnover of 40 to 60 percent in his factory, largely because of the unpleasant monotony of assembly-line work and repeated increases in the production quotas assigned to workers. Ford met this difficulty by doubling the daily wage then standard in the industry, raising it from about $2.50 to $5. 3. The net result was increased stability in his labor force and a substantial reduction in operating costs. These factors, coupled with the enormous increase in output made possible by new technological methods, led to an increase in company profits from $30 million in 1914 to $60 million in 1916. In 1908 the Ford company initiated production of the celebrated Model T. Until 1927, when the Model T was discontinued in favor of a more up-to-date model, the company produced and sold about 15 million cars.
Определить язык Клингонский Клингонский (pIqaD) азербайджанский албанский английский арабский армянский африкаанс баскский белорусский бенгальский болгарский боснийский валлийский венгерский вьетнамский галисийский греческий грузинский гуджарати датский зулу иврит игбо идиш индонезийский ирландский исландский испанский итальянский йоруба казахский каннада каталанский китайский китайский традиционный корейский креольский (Гаити) кхмерский лаосский латынь латышский литовский македонский малагасийский малайский малайялам мальтийский маори маратхи монгольский немецкий непали нидерландский норвежский панджаби персидский польский португальский румынский русский себуанский сербский сесото словацкий словенский суахили суданский тагальский тайский тамильский телугу турецкий узбекский украинский урду финский французский хауса хинди хмонг хорватский чева чешский шведский эсперанто эстонский яванский японский Клингонский Клингонский (pIqaD) азербайджанский албанский английский арабский армянский африкаанс баскский белорусский бенгальский болгарский боснийский валлийский венгерский вьетнамский галисийский греческий грузинский гуджарати датский зулу иврит игбо идиш индонезийский ирландский исландский испанский итальянский йоруба казахский каннада каталанский китайский китайский традиционный корейский креольский (Гаити) кхмерский лаосский латынь латышский литовский македонский малагасийский малайский малайялам мальтийский маори маратхи монгольский немецкий непали нидерландский норвежский панджаби персидский польский португальский румынский русский себуанский сербский сесото словацкий словенский суахили суданский тагальский тайский тамильский телугу турецкий узбекский украинский урду финский французский хауса хинди хмонг хорватский чева чешский шведский эсперанто эстонский яванский японский Источник: Цель:
Результаты (русский ) 1:
1. Форд, Генри (1863-1947), американский промышленник, самый известный за его новаторские достижения в автомобильной промышленности. Форд родился на хуторе близ Дирборн, штат Мичиган, 30 июля 1863 года, и получил образование в школах района. он стал учеником машиниста в Детройте в возрасте до 16 лет. с 1888 по 1899 год он был
инженером-механиком, а потом главным инженером, с Эдисоном освещающие
компании. в 1893 году, после экспериментов в течение нескольких лет в часы досуга, он
завершила строительство своего первого автомобиля, а в 1903 году он основал
Ford Motor Company.
2. в 1913 году Форд начал с использованием стандартизированных сменных частей и конвейерного метода в его завода. Хотя Форд ни возникла не был первым использовать такую практику,он был главным виновником их общее принятие и для последующего значительного расширения американской промышленности, повышение американского уровня жизни. К началу 1914 это нововведение, хотя значительно повысить результативность работы, привели к ежемесячной текучесть кадров от 40 до 60 процентов на его фабрике,в значительной степени из-за неприятного монотонность конвейерного работы и повторил увеличение производства назначены квоты рабочих. Форд встретила эту трудность путем удвоения дневной заработной платы, чем стандартные в индустрии, подняв его с $ 2,50 до $ 5.
3. Конечным результатом была увеличена стабильность в своей рабочей силы и существенное сокращение
эксплуатационных расходов. эти факторыв сочетании с огромным увеличением
производства стало возможным благодаря новым технологическим методам, привело к увеличению прибыли компании
от $ 30 млн в 1914 году до $ 60 млн в 1916 году. В 1908 году компания Форд
инициировал производство знаменитой модели Т. до 1927 года, когда
Model T была прекращена в пользу более соответствующий современным требованиям модели, компания
не производится и продается около 15 миллионов автомобилей.
Результаты (русский ) 2:
1. Форд, Генри (1863-1947), американский промышленник, самый известный за его новаторские достижения в автомобильной промышленности. Форд родился на ферме около Дирборн, штат Мичиган, на 30 июля 1863 и получил образование в школах района. В 16 лет он стал учеником машинист в Детройте. С 1888 по 1899 он был
механика и позже главный инженер, с Эдисон освещающей
Компания. В 1893 году, после экспериментов на несколько лет в его часы досуга он
завершено строительство своего первого автомобиля, а в 1903 году он основал
Ford Motor Company.
2. В 1913 году Форд начал, с использованием стандартных взаимозаменяемых деталей и сборочных методов в своем заводе. Хотя Ford не возникла и не был первым, чтобы использовать такой практики, Он был главным образом ответственность за их общего принятия и последующего большое расширение американской промышленности и повышение американской жизни. В начале 1914 это нововведение, хотя значительно повышения производительности труда, привели к ежемесячный текучести от 40 до 60 процентов в своем заводе, во многом из-за неприятных монотонность работы сборочных и неоднократные увеличения квоты производства, назначенные для работников. Форд встретился эту трудность, удваивая ежедневной заработной платы, то стандарт в отрасли, повышение ее от около $2,50 до $5.
3. Чистый результат был повышению стабильности в его рабочей силы и существенному
сокращение эксплуатационных расходов. Эти факторы, в сочетании с огромного увеличения
производства стало возможным благодаря новых технологических методов, привело к увеличению в
компании прибыли от $30 млн в 1914 году до 60 миллионов долларов в 1916 году. В 1908 году
Ford компания начала производство знаменитого модели т. До 1927 года когда
модель T было прекращено в пользу более современную модель, компания
произвела и продала около 15 миллионов автомобилей.
переводится, пожалуйста, подождите..
Результаты (русский ) 3:
1. Форд, Генри (1863-1947), американского Вячеславом Штыровым, известного за его новаторскую достижений в автомобильной промышленности. Форд родился на ферме недалеко от Дирборн, штат Мичиган, 30 июля 1863, и образованных в районных школ. Он стал промтеплоэнергетика, занятые в Детройте в возрасте 16 лет. С 1888 по 1899 г. он был
инженера-механика, а позднее главный инженер, с Edison освещающая
Компании. В 1893 году, после экспериментов на протяжении нескольких лет часы своего досуга, он
строительство его первой автомобильной, и в 1903 году он основал
Форд Мотор Компани.
2. В 1913 году Ford начал с помощью стандартизированных взаимозаменяемые детали и линии сборки методов в своем предприятии. Хотя Ford ни возникли и не была первой применять такой практики,Он был главным образом отвечать за их принятия и последующего большое расширение американской промышленности и подъем американской жизни. В начале 1914 года это нововведение, хотя значительно повысить производительность, привело к ежемесячной текучесть кадров от 40 процентов до 60 процентов в его на заводе,В основном из-за неприятных монотонность-линий и неоднократные увеличение квот на добычу нефти для работников. "Форд" встретился с этой трудностью, удваивая ежедневной заработной платы затем в отрасли, повышение его от около 2,50 долл. США на $5.
3. В результате была увеличена стабильность в своей рабочей силы и существенного
сокращения эксплуатационных затрат. Эти факторы,В сочетании с огромного увеличения
производства новых технологических методов, привело к увеличению расходов на
компании прибыль от $30 млн. в 1914-м году на 60 млн. долл. в 1916 году. В 1908 году
Ford компания приступила к производству прославленной модели Т. До 1927 года, когда
модель T была прекращена в пользу более свежей модели, компания
производятся и продаются около 15 млн. легковых автомобилей.
переводится, пожалуйста, подождите..
1.Генри Форд был изобретателем, меценатом и успешным американским бизнесменом. Форд был основателем все еще популярной компании "Ford Motor Company", первым успехом которого был автомобиль Ford Model T", который был выпущен в 1908 году. Генри Форд изменил путь, по которому машины проектировались и строились, вводя сборочную линию завода по производству транспортных средств в массовых количествах, что привело к снижению цен для потребителей и быстрому росту автомобильной собственности на всей территории Соединенных Штатов. Генри Форма родился 30 июля 1863 года в Диарбоне, Мичиган, Соединенные Штаты.
2. Родители Форда были ирландскими иммигрантами, их семья жила на ферме вместе с генри,который был самым старшим из 6 детей. В семье было хорошее воспитание с приличным доходом, однако Генри считал,что там было слишком много работы,но недостаточно дохода с земель. Форд начал свою карьеру в качестве ученика машиниста в 1879 году
, а затем вернулся на ферму семьи в 1882,прежде чем начать работу с компанией Westinghouse,улучшая их паровые двигатели. Затем Форд пошел работать на Edison Illuminating Company, гдев 1893 стал главным инженером.Генри Форду всегда нравились механические вещи, он всегда пытался улучшить или создать более полезную технику. В 1893 он создал свой первый автомобиль с бензиновым двигателем типа «багги» или Квадрацикл, который был абсолютно самоходным. Затем он основал Detroit Automobile Company с несколькими другими инвесторами, чтобы улучшить его дизайн, но вскоре после этого компания обанкротилась. Затем Форд основал Henry Ford Company,которую он тоже покинул,прежде чем в конце концов, основать Ford Motor Company в 1903 году.
3. Ford Motor Company выпустила самый успешный автомобиль Модели T в 1908 году. Как правило, автомобили раньше строились по одному и были доступны только очень богатым людям, но Форд продолжает улучшать путь,по которому создавались автомобили. В 1913 автомобили были массово выпущены одной из первых движущейся линией сборки. В 1918 году половиной из общего количества автомобилей в Соединенных Штатах являлась Модель Т, 15 млн. автомобилей были проданы, и производство Модели T было окончательно остановлено в 1927 году. Форд также интересовался в политике, но никогда не был успешным как политик, и безуспешно баллотировался в Сенат как демократ. Он также имел твердые политические взгляды о труде, и как рабочая сила должна быть расценена. Он платил своим работникам больше денег за меньшее число рабочих дней и сделал 5-ти дневную 40-часовую рабочую неделю нормальной частью трудовой жизни. Генри Форд создал Ford Foundation в 1936 году, чтобы содействовать развитию человеческого благосостояния за счет исследовательских грантов, образовательных грантов и развития. В 1947 году, в возрасте 83 Генри Форд умер от кровоизлияние в мозг, и был похоронен на Ford Cemetery в Детройте.
Генри Форд - великий изобретатель и предприниматель, чей пример и сегодня вдохновляет нас и учит умению следовать своей цели. Мы хотим предложить вам немного вдохновения - 8 цитат Генри Форда на английском языке, которые будут мотивировать вас к учебе. Надеемся, вы возьмете пример с этого целеустремленного человека.
Многие люди боятся даже начинать учить язык, ведь их преследует страх неудачи. Им кажется, что ничего не получится, ведь в школе и университете почти все мы учили английский, но лишь немногие преуспели в этом деле. Негативный опыт из прошлого мешает нам смело сделать шаг и открыть для себя новое будущее: мы уверены, что ничего путного не получится. У Генри Форда есть замечательная мысль на эту тему.
If you think you can do a thing or think you can’t do a thing, you’re right.
Если ты уверен, что сможешь, - ты прав; если ты думаешь, что не сможешь, - тоже прав.
You can do anything if you have enthusiasm. Enthusiasm is the spark in your eye, the swing in your gait, the grip of your hand, the irresistible surge of your will and your energy to execute your ideas. Enthusiasts are fighters. Enthusiasm is at the bottom of all progress. With it there is accomplishment. Without it, there are only alibis.
При наличии энтузиазма вы можете достичь всего. Энтузиазм - это блеск ваших глаз, стремительность походки, крепость рукопожатия, непреодолимый прилив энергии и воли для претворения в жизнь ваших идей. Энтузиасты - это борцы. Энтузиазм - краеугольный камень всего прогресса! Только с ним возможен успех. Без него у вас есть только возможности.
Failure is simply the opportunity to begin again, this time more intelligently.
Неудача - это просто возможность начать снова, но уже более мудро.
When everything seems to be going against you, remember that the airplane takes off against the wind, not with it.
Когда кажется, что весь мир настроен против тебя, - помни, что самолет взлетает против ветра.
Most people spend more time and energy going around problems than in trying to solve them.
Большинство людей тратит больше времени и энергии на уход от проблем, а не на их решение.
Nothing is particularly hard if you divide it into small jobs.
Нет ничего особенно трудного, если вы разделите это на мелкие работы.
Greatest thing in life is experience. Even mistakes have value.
Величайшая вещь в жизни - опыт. Даже ошибки имеют ценность.
One of the greatest discoveries a man makes, one of his great surprises, is to find he can do what he was afraid he couldn’t do.
Одно из самых великих открытий, которые делает человек, один из самых больших сюрпризов для него - обнаружить, что он в состоянии совершить то, о чем со страхом думал, как о превосходящем его силы.
Желаем вам испытать подобное окрыляющее чувство, когда вы понимаете, что можете сделать то, о чем раньше не осмеливались даже мечтать. Успехов в изучении английского!
The History Of The Ford Motor Company Essay, Research Paper
The History of The
Ford Motor Company
It all started with a dream, a dream for all families to own a car, a dream
man, Henry Ford.
Henry Ford was one of the most brilliant entrepreneurs in creating Ford
and the assembly line at the same time, it was his controversial
characteristics and unorthodox approach towards administrating the Ford Motor
Company which resulted
in the formation of one of the most successful corporations in the world. At
the turn of the century everything was booming, the growth of the economy and
stock market increased
the job opportunities as well as morals. As a result of this industrial
revolution, out of the woodwork came a humble yet driven man, Henry Ford.
Between the five dollar a day
plan, his policies on administrating the company, and his relations with his
Ford was often presented as a suspicious character. This controversial
behavior characterized the success of the company, it did not lead to his own
downfall as many suspect. The Anti-Semitic accusations, and the belief that Ford
was taking advantage of
his customers, were by far overshadowed by his brilliance and strong hand in
Of course, there were not always supporters of Henry Ford. If fact, there
many people who believed that Henry Ford was so controversial that it
prevented the potential of Fords from becoming greater than it is today. By the
mid twenties Ford was already the worlds most successful automobile company in
the world, but their great reputation would soon decline. Ford?s five dollars
a day pay plan for all employees signified the overwhelming success of the
company. Many believed this success was short-lived
with the new policies dealing with the workers which soon followed. With the
need to increase production and lower costs, in the mid 1930’s Ford cut all Ford
worker s wages in half, workers were expected to work faster, and harder,
department heads were ordered to ban all talking and whistling while work was in
progress. All of this was a plan by Ford
to make sure he knew every move of his workers, he was very possessive. Also,
began to fire older workers and hire younger ones, his ideology was that the
younger workers could work more productively and more efficiently, which in turn
would send more money flowing into his pockets. What resulted was quite humorous
in fact. Black hair
dye became a hot seller in the Detroit area. Older workers tried to disguise
their age by dying their hair black. Ford?s manipulation of his workers was
immoral and unjust.
There was no industrial democracy, workers were forced to do what they were
would be out of a job.
Henry Ford s controversial behavior reflected badly on himself and on the
Ford Motor Company. The Anti-Semitic views expressed by Henry Ford could never
be denied, it was common knowledge in fact that Henry Ford was prejudice, he
even wrote an article
in the Dearborn Independent expressing his ideas that Jews were the cause of
many peoples problems. Henry Ford was sued by a man by the name Aaron Sapiro in
the early 1930’s. Sapiro had evidence that Ford threatened himself with
Anti-Semitic sentiments. Ford was recorded as saying, ?Sapiro is a shrewd
little Jew, the bible says Jews will return to
Palestine, but they want to get all the money out of America first. Sapiro
should be kicked out because he is trash.? The result of the trial was
humiliation for the Ford company
and Henry Ford himself. After a hung jury in the first trial, the case was
dropped when Ford
wrote a lengthy retraction and apologized for his statements. Ford s was
profits and production among the worlds best, all as a result of Henry Ford s
ego. Therefore, by 1931 Ford lowered in the ranks, controlling only 28% of the
market 2nd to General Motors
Henry Ford was the godfather of the automobile industry in the early 1900 s.
The development of his River Rouge plant was considered a industrial cathedral,
hundreds waited month after month in front of the employment building hoping to
foreign immigrants it meant hope and a successful future. The River Rouge
over 50,000 employees, Pols, Lithuanians, Germans, almost every western
Europe country could be represented at the Ford Plant. Like a father Henry Ford
began educational programs, teaching his illiterate employees how to read
English, company picnics, and dinners were all part of Ford s policies that were
so unusual, yet so brilliant at that time.
Of the most controversial actions of Ford was his hiring of criminals, in
fact it was said that thousands of former criminals were taken on the Fords
payroll over the course
of the years, all at Mr. Fords Requests. Not only was this a highly
questionable decision, but it startled everyone. It was odd, especially when
there was such a demand to work
at Fords. Why would Henry Ford want to take the risk of hiring potentially
dangerous felons? Nobody would be able to answer this question better than Ford
s right hand man Harry Bennett. Bennett has said that Henry Ford was very
sympathetic towards criminals,
even that he would try and, in a sense, rehabilitate them. Not only did the
new workers please Henry Ford, but they also helped the company itself. Ford s
controversial new
policy of hiring criminals not only surprised the River Rouge workers, but it
swept across the nation. Many news articles were printed concerning Ford s
policies. In effect Ford
was receiving free advertising. Whether it was his intent or not, Ford s
ideas, sometimes eccentric helped market the company for the good. In 1914 Henry
Ford hired John R. Lee to update the companies labor policies. Five dollars a
day was to be split into half wages
and half profits. Ford employees would only receive profits when they met
specific standards of efficiency and were cleared by the sociology department.
On January 5, 1914 Henry Ford?s announcement of the incredible five dollar a
day plan swept the newspapers across the nation. The Detroit Journal announced,
The surprise of the labor leaders and
the consternation of manufacturers, Henry Ford announced on Jan 5, 1914 that
a minimum wage of five dollars a day would be instituted immediately in the Ford
plants, along with a profit sharing plan for all male employees.
Not only did Henry Ford?s new deal shock the nation, it sent a tremendous
of workers to Detroit. For the next ten years people would do anything to
become a worker of one of Henry Ford?s plants. It was unheard of to be offered
five dollars a day by any automobile company. In fact the average salary for
most was a mere two fifty a day at GM and Chrysler?s. But Henry Ford?s five
dollars a day plan was truly an illusion, it allowed for greater control of his
workers. It was said that The five dollar a day plan was an important early
attempt at implementing a corporate welfare program. Ford wanted to
see his company prosper, his employees were a part of this company. The
of the Sociology department would allow Henry Ford to exploit his employees
private lives. Employees were advised by investigators on how to live in order
to receive his/hers share of the profits. The result of this was a tight knit
community with no corruption. This department also monitored the daily
happenings in the plant. In fact, the department had over 1000 informers who
would notify the department if any stealing or illegal plans were taking place.
Social workers conducted extensive interviews on subjects ranging from household
finances to sexual patterns. It was stated at that time that, the intrusion into
workers lives, in the minds of Ford officials, was a small price to pay for
increased wages, efficiency, production, and in the end profits for the Ford
Many felt that this socialist system was infringing upon the democratic
the workers specifically the right to privacy. Observers claimed that workers
were forced to act like robots in order to keep their jobs, but this was not the
case. Henry Ford created the
stability and order that any corporation needed to succeed in the early 20th
century. Some may say that Ford was a sort of father to the workers he employed.
After all, a father is always harshest to the ones he cares for most. And that
was what Henry Ford was.
The financial success was extraordinary. By 1914 Ford s had over 600 cars
daily rolling off the assembly line. Between 1914 and 1921 earnings soared from
25 million to 78 million.
All of Ford?s effort s and expectations came to a pinnacle when, at the
close of 1923 there were 6,221 passengers cars in the city of Detroit, one for
every 6.1 persons. Of these 6,221 cars, 41% were Fords.
Henry Ford was not a greedy man, his sometimes unorthodox behavior and
policies epitomized the success of the company. Throughout the depression he
offered a sense of hope for his
employees. By offering jobs to outcasts he became very controversial, but he
had reasons. Ford wanted his workers to be moral citizens, people that could
offer The Ford Motor Company loyalty, leadership, and trust. A result of this
was the financial success of the company. Henry Ford knew what he had to do in
order to accomplish his goals. Ford knew he might not always be accepted in the
community, he also knew that this was the risk he had to take. It was all clear
when he said, ?We re going to expand this company, and you will see it grow by
leaps and bounds.?
Ford Motor Company
Ford Motor Company entered the business world without fanfare on June 17,
1903, when Henry Ford and 11 associates filed incorporation papers in the state
of Michigan. With an abundance of faith but only $28,000 in cash, the pioneering
industrialists gave birth to what was to become one of the world’s largest
corporations. Few companies are as closely identified with the history and
development of America throughout the 20th century as Ford Motor Company, and
perhaps no other American firm is as well known around the globe.
At the time of its incorporation, Ford Motor Company was a tiny operation in
a converted Detroit wagon shop staffed with about 10 people. By the end of 1913,
just 10 years later, the company was producing half the cars in the United
States. Paralleling Ford Motor Company’s domestic growth was a foreign expansion
program that began just one year after the company was formed. On August 17,
1904, the first foreign branch, Ford Motor Company of Canada, Ltd., was
incorporated in Walkerville, Ontario. Production at this modest new plant began
>From this small beginning grew a global network of manufacturing and
assembly plants, sales operations, parts depots and dealers, with Ford Motor
Company represented in more than 200 nations and territories spanning six
Today, Ford Motor Company is the world’s largest producer of trucks and the
second-largest producer of cars. The company has operations in more than 30
countries, and employs more than 340,000 men and women at its factories,
laboratories and offices around the world. Additionally, about 60,000 companies
worldwide supply Ford Motor Company with goods and services. The company’s
annual sales exceed the gross national products of many industrialized nations.
In 1998, Ford Motor Company sold more than 6.8 million vehicles worldwide. In
As with most great enterprises, Ford Motor Company’s beginnings were modest.
The company had anxious moments in its infancy, balancing precariously on the
brink of bankruptcy until cash inflows from sales began. The earliest record of
a shipment is July 20, 1903, approximately one month after incorporation, to a
Detroit physician. With the company’s first sale came hope. A worried group of
stockholders, warily eyeing a bank balance that had dwindled to $223.65,
breathed more easily, and a young Ford Motor Company had taken its first sure
steps. During the next five years, Henry Ford, as chief engineer and later as
president, directed a development and production program that started in a
converted wagon shop on Mack Avenue in Detroit and later moved to a larger
building at Piquette and Beaubien streets. In the company’s first 15 months,
1,700 Model A cars chugged out of the old wagon shop.
In 1988, Ford Motor Company made a strategic decision to develop a new global
car. Engineers in Europe, the United States, and other design and development
centers were already increasingly combining their resources on existing programs
with significant results. The similarities between the various world markets
also were growing, as legislation reached new levels of harmony and car buyers
on different continents found their product tastes and motoring needs were less
different than they had been in the past. And so, the mid-size family car
program known as CDW27 was developed for many countries. It was named Mondeo in
Europe, Taiwan, and the Middle East. Slightly modified, it went on sale in North
America as Ford Contour and Mercury Mystique. The Model T was designed for
simplicity. The Ford CDW27, on the other hand, was a highly sophisticated car
with two all-new, state-of-the-art, high-output engines; a new electronically
controlled transmission; new electronic traction control; air bags; anti-lock
brakes and other technological refinements desired by customers. CDW27 became
the prototype for a new approach to product development that is both highly
efficient and customer-driven a global «platform strategy» that uses
many common components to produce vehicles that are widely differentiated to
meet the varying needs of different regions. This program proved that true
globalization was possible, and that customer-focused teams were the way of the
competitive future.
Currently Ford Motor Company is ranked second on the Fortune 500 list of the
largest U.S. industrial corporations, based on sales. In 1998, worldwide sales
and revenues totaled $142.6 billion. Net income, excluding one-time items, was
$6.5 billion. Although Ford Motor Company is best known as a manufacturer of
cars and trucks, it produces other products, including industrial engines,
glass, plastics, and a wide range of automotive components. Ford also is
established in many other businesses-including financial services, automotive
replacement parts, and electronics. In 1997, the company created Visteon, a
wholly owned enterprise of Ford Motor Company, to explore and expand the market
for components around the world.
On November 1, 1993, Alex Trotman became chairman and chief executive officer
of Ford Motor Company. Born and raised in England and educated in Scotland,
Trotman had a world view. He spent the first half of his Ford career in product
planning in Europe, where he played a key role in establishing Ford of Europe.
Within three weeks of his appointment as Ford Motor Company chairman and CEO,
Trotman initiated a year long series of studies and development efforts to
further globalize the company. The results of this effort led to Ford 2000. Ford
2000 is an initiative that became effective on January 1, 1995, and began with
the consolidation of Ford’s North American and European operations. It continues
with a commitment to bring the entire Ford worldwide organization into a single
operation by the year 2000.
Ford 2000 created a global management team. This has allowed the company to
eliminate duplication, initiate best practices, use common components and
designs for the advantage of scale, and allocate resources wherever they are
needed to best serve market needs. Ford 2000 combines the power, resources, and
reach of a world company with the immediacy, intimacy, agility, and spirit of a
small one. In October 1999, the company announced plans to take Ford 2000 to the
next level by creating strategic business units that complement its global scale
and structure. These new units add a brand and regional influence that will
allow the company to better connect with consumers.
As Ford Motor Company approaches its second century and the new millennium, a
member of the Ford family again holds a top leadership position. William Clay
Ford, Jr., a great-grandson of Henry Ford, was elected chairman by the board of
directors, effective January 1, 1999. The board elected Ford Automotive
Operations President Jacques Nasser as president and chief executive officer,
also effective January 1, 1999. The changes coincided with the retirement of
Trotman, who had served as chairman, CEO and president during his 43 years of
service to Ford. Ford Motor Company is committed to fully utilizing the rich
diversity of its human resources. Company leadership believes that diversity
will be the engine that powers the creative energy of corporations of the 21st
century. Successful companies will be those that are able to draw on the diverse
talents of their people to stay on the innovative and competitive edges of their
Ford Motor Company started this century, with a single man envisioning
products that would meet the needs of people in a world on the verge of
high-gear industrialization. The company is ending the century with a worldwide
organization that retains and expands Henry Ford’s heritage by developing
products that serve the varying and ever-changing needs of people in the global
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